2019年可持续发展融资报告（英文版）_208页_7mb

报告摘要

2019 Financing for Sustainable Development Report Summary

Core Content

The 2019 Financing for Sustainable Development Report is a joint publication by the Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for Development, coordinated by the Financing for Sustainable Development Office of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN/DESA). The report highlights the progress made and challenges remaining in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since the adoption of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAA) in 2015. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive and coordinated approach to financing for sustainable development at both national and international levels.

Main Points and Key Messages

1. Global Economic Context and Implications

Global growth has peaked at 3%, and debt risks are rising, affecting the ability of countries to invest in sustainable development.
Real wage growth is at its lowest in a decade, and income inequality is increasing in many countries.
Climate change is accelerating, with greenhouse gas emissions up by 1.3% in 2017, posing significant threats to communities and ecosystems.
The report underscores the importance of long-term policy orientation and aligning public and private incentives with sustainable development goals.

2. Integrated National Financing Frameworks

Countries should develop integrated national financing frameworks to support their sustainable development strategies.
These frameworks are essential for coordinating public and private resources, enhancing fiscal systems, and ensuring equitable resource allocation.
The report recommends national strategies to improve revenue mobilization, tax cooperation, and management of illicit financial flows.

3. Domestic and International Public Resources

Domestic revenue mobilization is crucial for sustainable development, and fiscal policies must address inequality and environmental sustainability.
International tax cooperation and climate finance are highlighted as key areas for reform and investment.
Illicit financial flows remain a major obstacle to development, and efforts to recover stolen assets are essential.

4. Private Sector and Finance

Private sector engagement in sustainable finance is growing, but still insufficient.
The report recommends developing sustainable capital markets, building domestic enabling environments, and supporting remittances.
Financial sector strategies should be designed to promote inclusive growth and reduce inequality.

5. International Development Cooperation

Official Development Assistance (ODA) is still insufficient to meet the SDG financing needs.
Multilateral development banks and South-South cooperation play a vital role in filling the funding gap.
Blended finance and climate finance are important tools to support development projects, especially in least developed countries (LDCs).

6. International Trade and Investment

International trade can be a driver for sustainable development, but current trade agreements need to be aligned with SDGs.
Trade facilitation and market access are critical to promoting inclusive and sustainable growth.
Bilateral and regional trade agreements should be re-evaluated to ensure they support development and environmental goals.

7. Debt and Debt Sustainability

Debt distress is a growing concern, with over 30 LDCs at risk.
Sustainable borrowing and lending practices are necessary to ensure debt sustainability.
The report highlights the need for innovative financing instruments and debt sustainability assessments (DSA).

8. Systemic Issues and Global Governance

Macroeconomic stability and international financial architecture must be strengthened to support sustainable development.
Financial regulation should be aligned with the SDGs, and national development banks can play a key role in this.
Correspondent banking relationships and institutional coherence are important for financial inclusion and development effectiveness.

9. Science, Technology, Innovation, and Capacity Building

Innovation and technology are critical for advancing sustainable development.
The report discusses the role of fintech in promoting financial inclusion, and the importance of access to technology for inclusive growth.
Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policies should be integrated into national development strategies.

10. Data, Monitoring, and Follow-up

Data collection and monitoring are essential for tracking progress towards the SDGs.
The report emphasizes the use of big data and improving statistical systems.
The online annex provides comprehensive data and analysis for the seven action areas of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda.

Key Recommendations

Reorient national and international financial systems to support sustainable development.
Strengthen public finance management (PFM) and fiscal systems to ensure equitable resource allocation.
Enhance private sector participation in sustainable finance through policy reforms and market mechanisms.
Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and employment.
Address the infrastructure gap through public-private partnerships (PPPs) and direct investment.
Improve debt management and climate finance to support debt sustainability and climate action.
Leverage innovation and technology to enhance financial inclusion and development outcomes.
Strengthen multilateral cooperation and global partnerships to support the 2030 Agenda.

Conclusion

The 2019 report stresses that without a fundamental shift in the international financial system, the Sustainable Development Goals will not be achieved. It calls for collective action, policy alignment, and innovation to restore trust in multilateralism and promote fair globalization. The report serves as a guide for UN Country Teams, economic councils, and global policy discussions, including the High-level Political Forum and Climate Change Summit.

Contact and Citation

Task Force Coordinator and Substantive Editor: UN/DESA
Inquiries: Send to the Financing for Sustainable Development Office
Citation: United Nations, Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for Development, Financing for Sustainable Development Report 2019 (New York: United Nations, 2019), available at: https://developmentfinance.un.org/fsdr2019

Key Organizations Involved

World Bank Group
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Global Environmental Finance (GEF)
Green Climate Fund (GCF)
Financial Stability Board (FSB)
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)
Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructure (CPMI)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS)
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)
United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation (UNOSSC)
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women)
United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFFS)
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
United Nations Global Compact (UNGC)
Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
Global Partnership for Education (GPE)
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)
United Nations University (UNU)
United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)
World Health Organisation (WHO)
United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT)
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
United Nations World Data Forum (UNWDF)

The report is a comprehensive assessment of the state of sustainable finance and provides policy recommendations to support tangible progress in achieving the 2030 Agenda.

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