2005-12-31-世界卫生组织-2006_GSHS_Fact_Sheet_Uruguay_Montevideo_2页_369kb
报告摘要
Survey Details for Global School-based Student Health Survey, Uruguay (Montevideo) 2006
The 2006 GSHS investigated health-related behaviors among students in grades 1 CB, 2 CB, 3 CB, and 1 BD in Montevideo, Uruguay, using a two-stage cluster sampling method. The study focused on issues like alcohol/drug use, sexual behaviors, injuries, hygiene, diet, physical activity, tobacco use, mental health, and protective factors. Response rates were high at the school level.
Key Findings: Risk Areas
Alcohol and Drug Use
A significant portion of students (60.2%) consumed alcohol on at least one day past 30 days. Some engaged in excessive drinking or experienced negative consequences. A smaller proportion, but higher among boys, used drugs (10.6-13.8%). Data shown with standard error estimates.
Table: Alcohol and Drug Use (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Students drank alcohol (≥1 drink) (past 30 days) | 60.2±3.5 | 61.6±5.1 | 59.0±4.5 |
| % Students drank excessively (lifetime) | 31.4±3.6 | 32.9±5.4 | 30.2±4.4 |
| % Experienced negative consequences from alcohol | 18.9±3.5 | 23.8±5.3 | 14.2±4.1 |
| % Used drugs (lifetime) | 10.6±3.2 | 13.8±4.6 | 7.6±2.7 |
Dietary Behaviours and Overweight
Overweight prevalence was higher among boys (32.4%) than girls (14.5%) based on WHO standards, though specific hunger and eating patterns were also documented. Obesity rates were lower and showed minimal gender difference (3.0-3.4%).
Table: Diet and Weight (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Hungry (past 30 days) | 1.3±0.7 | 2.6±1.6 | 0.1±0.3 |
| % Overweight** | 23.3±2.4 | 32.4±4.2 | 14.5±3.7 |
| % Obese *** | 3.0±1.1 | 3.4±1.5 | 2.6±1.8 |
(Note: ** Indicates overweight according to WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. *** Obese also based on WHO reference.)
Hygiene Practices
Handwashing before eating and after defecation, as well as tooth-brushing frequency, were reported at suboptimal levels. Boys had the lowest rates for most, but highest for missing classes without permission.
Table: Hygiene (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Brushed teeth <1 time/day (past 30 days) | 3.2±0.9 | 5.0±1.7 | 1.5±1.1 |
| % Never/Rarely washed hands before eating | 11.9±2.6 | 13.2±3.6 | 10.6±2.3 |
| % Never/Rarely washed hands after toileting | 5.7±1.9 | 6.9±2.2 | 4.5±1.9 |
(Note: ± represents standard error.)
Mental Health
A notable percentage (5.8%) felt lonely. About one fifth (25%) reported missing classes without permission and one fifth (16%) perceived low helpfulness/kindness in their school.
Table: Mental Health (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Felt lonely (past 12 months) | 5.8±1.6 | 4.0±1.7 | 7.3±2.5 |
| % No close friends | 2.5±1.2 | 3.3±1.9 | 1.6±1.1 |
| % Missed classes/unpermitted absences (past 30d) | 28.0±3.9 | 31.9±5.5 | 24.5±5.1 |
| % Perceived low school kindness/helpfulness | 16.0±2.8 | 17.6±2.6 | 14.6±3.8 |
(Note: * Indicates less than 100 students had the characteristic/outcome for part of the data points, but survey included students aged 13-15.)
Protective Factors
The survey identified protective factors, including school climate (fewer students reporting kindness) and parental awareness. Poor parental time supervision was reported by one fifth (18%) of students.
Table: Protective Factors (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Parents rarely knew about free time | 18.0±2.3.0 | 20.4±4.0 | 15.8±2.9 |
| % Report low school helpfulness/kindness | 16.0±2.8 | 17.6±2.6 | 14.6±3.8 |
Sexual Behaviours
Around one fifth (21%) had ever had sex. Condom use the last time was reported by most (84, and note 78-91% in some categories), though higher among boys. Disparities were seen in lifetime partners.
Table: Sexual Behaviours (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Ever had sex | 21.3±3.9 | 30.9±4.9 | 12.6±3.7 |
| % Had sex with >=2 partners (lifetime) | 12.3±3.7 | 19.7±5.9 | 5.4±2.1 |
| % Used condom last time sex*** (among sexually active recent??) | 84.5±6.3 | 86.5±7.7 | - |
(Note: - Not reported or small numbers may apply to girls who had sex. * Indicates less than 100 students had the characteristic/outcome.)
Tobacco Use
Smoking prevalence and secondhand smoke exposure were documented. Boys had lower smoking prevalence compared to girls but higher exposure. Overall tobacco use was observed.
Table: Tobacco Use (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Smoked cigarettes (past 30d) | 17.8±2.9 | 13.6±3.6 | 21.9±4.1 |
| % Used other tobacco products (past 30d) | 7.1±2.0 | 9.7±2.8 | 4.7±1.7 |
| % Exposed to secondhand smoke (past week) | 79.7±3.2 | 80.0±4.5 | 79.6±4.5 |
Unintentional Injuries and Violence
Students experienced physical attacks, fights, injuries, and bullying. Boys were at significantly higher risk for physical fighting (by about half) and associated injuries.
Table: Injuries/Violence (13-15 years)
| Category | Total | Boys | Girls |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Physically attacked (past year) | 21.0±2.7 | 25.9±3.3 | 16.3±3.7 |
| % In physical fight (past year) | 34.8±4.4 | 51.9±5.3 | 18.6±4.3 |
| % Seriously injured (past year) | 26.3±2.4 | 32.5±3.4 | 20.6±4.1 |
| % Bullied (past 30 days) | 23.4±3.2 | 23.4±5.1 | 23.5±4.0 |
Overall, the survey covered the key health domains for adolescents in Montevideo and provided baseline data for these behaviors with detailed analysis restricted to the age group 13-15 years.
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