2021-12-24-埃森哲-21世纪亚太地区城市转型报告（英）_23页_1mb

Urban Transformation in Asia Pacific

Introduction

Cities are central to Asia Pacific's future, facing challenges including rapid urbanization, climate vulnerability, and inequality. The region has the world's highest proportion of urban dwellers at ~50%. Millions are added to cities each year, and Asia Pacific is projected to become majority urban by 2050. Climate change disproportionately affects lower-income groups and exacerbates existing inequalities through issues like flooding and heat islands.

Sustainable Cities

Key Initiatives

• Green Building Retrofits: 48-storey Hong Kong building reduced CO2 emissions by 1,370 tons. Seoul offers financing for efficiency upgrades, potentially cutting building energy use by 15–35%.
• Sponge City Design: China's pilot projects integrate natural water structures like wetlands and porous pavement, aiming to manage flooding. However, extreme events in Zhengzhou (2021) demonstrate the need for complementary solutions.
• Transit Electrification: Shenzhen achieved full electric bus electrification, reducing fuel consumption by >95%. China leads in electric buses and two-wheelers.

Multi-modal Transport

Walkability and multi-modal options reduce car dependency. Taipei's integrated bike system (YouBike) connects with public transport, offering discounts for integrated use. Strategies to limit car journeys, like Singapore's odd-even vehicle rationing and interior congestion pricing, show potential.

Autonomous & Smart Mobility

Autonomous vehicles complement public transit, tested at venues like the Tokyo Olympics. Data-driven systems like Alibaba's City Brain optimize traffic and emergency response in cities like Hangzhou.

Inclusive Cities

Safety & Access

• Emergency Tech: Singapore uses What3Words for precise emergency dispatch. Apps like Safetipin map unsafe areas and collect safety data.
• Healthcare Access: Telemedicine connects patients with doctors remotely. Wearable health monitors support elderly care in Thailand.
• Women's Safety: Ride-sharing services offer female-only cars and audio recording to bolster safety.

Decision-making & Geography

• Digital Land Records: Blockchain pilots in Fiji aim to secure land rights.
• Infrastructure Redesign: Surabaya engages citizens through green and clean programs, with eco-school initiatives.
• Disaster Response: Crowdsourced apps (PetaBencana.id, geoBingAn) enhance emergency coordination.

Conclusion

Challenges & Solutions

• Bridging the planning-implementation gap requires adaptive, context-specific blueprints.
• Successful strategies include integrating governance, technology solutions, and community voice.
• Ensuring "platform urbanism"—collaborative governance through data—is crucial for future cities.

Forward Look

Cities need to balance control with flexibility to accommodate evolving resident needs. Collaboration across borders for standardized tech platforms enables efficient scaling of solutions. Developing nations like Vietnam show potential due to their coordinated governance models, while inclusivity demands local adaptation as seen in Indonesian reforms.