IMF-谁是中央银行？性别、人力资源和中央银行（英）-2023.5-29页_1mb

IMF Working Paper "Who are Central Banks? Gender, Human Resources, and Central Banking" analyzes gender patterns in central banking and their macroeconomic implications. Key findings include:

• Central banks in advanced economies (e.g., G7 and ECB) lack significant gender equality, with women underrepresented in senior roles, management, and full-time contracts.
• The Human Resources Gender Index (HRGI) quantifies gender equality across dimensions like diversity policies, employment, and pay gaps, revealing room for improvement.
• IFIs (IMF, World Bank, OECD) outperform central banks in gender equality, attributed to targeted policies and better implementation.
• Gender disparities correlate with central bank performance: HRGI, female hiring/promotion, and contract types affect output and credit gaps, highlighting macro-critical importance.
• Broader country factors like female representation in high-level positions, government effectiveness, and corruption influence central bank gender equality, emphasizing role models and policy impacts.

The study advocates for enhanced policies, such as mentoring programs and flexible work arrangements, to improve gender inclusion in central banking.