联合国贸易发展委员会-2024年非洲经济发展报告（概述）（英）_38页_4mb

报告摘要

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Conference on Trade and Development
UNCTAD/ALDC/AFRICA/2024 (Overview)Economic Development in Africa Report 2024
Unlocking Africa's trade potential: Boosting regional markets and reducing risks
Overview
Content
Foreword Page iv
Introduction Page vii
Page 1 Page 7 Page 13
Shocks exposure and The economic Maximizing trade
vulnerability dynamics vulnerabilities to monitor resilience and regional
across countries in when trading and market benefits in Africa
Africa investing across Africa
Page 21 Page 27
Building resilience in Policy
businesses and cross- recommendations
border transactions in
Africa
iiiiiiEconomic Development in Africa Report 2024
Unlocking Africa's trade potential: Boosting regional markets and reducing risks
Overview
iv
Foreword by Rebeca Grynspan:

Africa faces a global polycrisis (climate, economic, political, technological)
Resilience is key; building it is central to unlocking Africa's opportunities
Economic diversification remains crucial against shocks
Current trade flows are limited; intra-Africa trade can boost resilience
African countries must improve infrastructure, risk management through partnerships

Introduction:

UNCTAD report emphasizes balancing African vulnerabilities with opportunities.
Focus on six categories of shocks: political, economic, demographic, energy, technology, climate.
Major vulnerabilities: connectivity and economic domains.
Recommendations: infrastructure investment, regional integration via AfCFTA.

1 Shocks Exposure and Vulnerability Dynamics:

Africa's vulnerability stems from political instability, debt burdens, rapid population growth, fossil fuel dependency, tech gaps, climate change.
In 2023, half of Africa's exports came from oil/gas/minerals; high energy costs and lower development assistance exacerbated risks.
High-global cooperation, risk management, diversification encouragered as solutions.

2 Maximizing Trade Resilience:

Africa's trade is heavily reliant on external markets; intra-Africa trade only about 2.9% of global trade.
Need to strengthen AfCFTA implementation, improve logistics, reduce non-tariff barriers.
Strategic policies should target intermediate goods trade and supply chain diversification within Africa.

3 Building Business Resilience:

Business operations face currency volatility, regulatory unpredictability, infrastructure deficits.
Stronger regulatory environments exist in Botswana, Cabo Verde, Mauritius, Morocco, South Africa.
African countries signed many BITs; Investment facilitation expected from AfCFTA.

Policy recommendations: