2017清洁能源发展跟踪报告_116页-9mb

Tracking Clean Energy Progress 2017 Summary

Core Content

The Tracking Clean Energy Progress (TCEP) 2017 report, published by the International Energy Agency (IEA), provides an overview of the global progress in clean energy technologies and their alignment with the 2°C Scenario (2DS), which outlines the necessary steps to limit global warming to 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The report highlights the status of 26 energy technologies across various sectors, using a traffic-light system to assess their progress.

Main Viewpoints

• The IEA aims to promote energy security and support the development of reliable, affordable, and clean energy systems through research, policy guidance, and collaboration.
• The report emphasizes the importance of tracking progress to ensure alignment with the Paris Agreement and other climate and energy goals.
• The 2DS requires a significant transformation of the global energy system, with specific targets for emissions reductions and technology deployment.

Key Information

Technologies on Track (Green)

• Renewable power: Onshore wind and solar PV are becoming more mature and are on track to be mainstream solutions.
• Electric vehicles (EVs): Over 2 million EVs were in global stock by 2016, but the growth rate slowed significantly in 2016, risking the 2020 and 2025 milestones.
• Energy storage: Storage capacity reached almost 1 GW in 2016, with continued growth, but reaching the 2DS target of 21 GW by 2025 will require more policy support.

Technologies Showing Improvement (Orange)

• Nuclear power: 10 GW of capacity additions in 2016, the highest since 1990, but growth is not sufficient to meet 2DS targets.
• Natural gas-fired power: Growth is on track with the 2DS, but additional progress is needed in efficiency and flexibility to support renewable integration.
• Coal-fired power: Still dominates global electricity generation, but must significantly reduce emissions and phase out inefficient subcritical technology.
• Carbon capture and storage (CCS): Current storage capacity is insufficient, and new investment and policy support are needed to reach the 2DS target of over 400 million tonnes of CO₂ stored annually.
• Industrial sector: Must decouple production growth from energy and emissions increases, with a target of less than 1.2% annual growth in energy use by 2025.
• Chemicals and petrochemicals: Progress in low-carbon feedstocks has been made, but more data and investment are required.
• Pulp and paper: Energy use has increased slightly, but significant improvements are needed in emissions and energy efficiency.
• Iron and steel: EAF production is growing, but the sector must shift away from traditional methods to meet 2DS goals.
• Aluminium: Energy efficiency and recycling rates need to be improved to reduce emissions and energy intensity.
• Cement: Alternative fuels must increase to 12.1% of thermal energy consumption by 2025 to align with the 2DS.

Technologies Off Track (Red)

• Advanced biofuels: Need a 25-fold increase in production by 2025 to meet the 2DS.
• Building energy codes: Nearly two-thirds of countries lack building energy codes, and less than half of energy-consuming equipment is covered by mandatory efficiency policies.
• Renewable heat: Despite potential, it remains largely untapped, with a need for a 32% increase in renewable heat production by 2025.
• Transport: Emissions are still rising, and current NDCs are not ambitious enough to meet the 2DS, requiring more focus on electric vehicles, biofuels, and fuel efficiency.

Recommendations

• Policy improvements: Needed for renewable energy deployment, grid integration, and support for emerging technologies.
• RD&D investment: Must increase significantly, especially in public and private sectors, to develop and deploy low-carbon technologies.
• Collaboration: Enhanced cooperation between governments, industry, and international organizations is crucial to accelerate clean energy innovation.
• Infrastructure development: Required for CCS and energy storage to reach their full potential.
• Market mechanisms: Should support the competitiveness of natural gas and other low-carbon alternatives, including carbon pricing and capacity markets.
• Technology-specific strategies: Needed to address challenges in areas like CSP, geothermal, and ocean energy.
• Energy efficiency measures: Should be incentivized in industries, buildings, and transport to reduce emissions and energy use.

Conclusion

The TCEP 2017 report underscores the urgent need for accelerated progress across all clean energy technologies to meet the 2DS targets. While some technologies are on track, many require more effort, policy support, and investment to ensure a successful transition to a sustainable energy system. The report highlights the importance of data transparency, innovation, and global collaboration in achieving these goals.