2014-12-31-世界卫生组织-2015_GATS_Executive_Summary_Costa_Rica_Spanish_12页_394kb

报告摘要

Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Costa Rica Executive Summary 2015

Introduction: The GATS is the global standard for monitoring adult tobacco use and supporting evidence-based control strategies. Costa Rica's survey, conducted in 2015, provided comparable data referenced the MPOWER framework (Monitor, Protect, Offer, Warn, Quit, Tax).
Key Findings:
- Tobacco Consumption: 13.6% of males and 4.5% of females were current tobacco users (total 9.1% of adults aged 15+), with a higher prevalence among males. Cigarette smoking was 8.9% (8.7% cigarettes vs. 0.2% smokeless tobacco). Average daily cigarette consumption was 13.4 per day.
- Cessation: 58.6% of former smokers attempted to quit in the last 12 months, but only 64.7% did so without assistance. Health providers recommended quitting to 64.0% of smokers.
- Secondhand Smoke Exposure: 4.9% reported exposure at home, 6.3% at work, and high exposure in restaurants (7.9%) and bars/clubs (23.0%). Support for smoke-free policies was high, with 93.1% endorsing laws against smoking in public places.
- Economic Aspects: Average monthly cigarette expenditure was 19,369.8 colones per adult smoker. Most cigarettes were purchased from retail stores (80.7%).
- Media and Awareness: 72.3% noticed anti-tobacco messages; 27.4% saw tobacco advertising. Advert warnings influenced 55.4% of smokers to consider quitting. Most adults (97.8%) believed smoking causes serious diseases.
- Policy Support: 85.1% supported increasing tobacco taxes, and high public backing existed for enforcing existing anti-tobacco laws.
Recommendations:
- Strengthen implementation of the Tobacco Control Law.
- Increase funding for cessation programs and enforcement.
- Raise taxes on tobacco products and expand smoke-free zones.
- Enhance public awareness campaigns and monitor compliance.