世界银行-菲律宾经济更新，2023年12月：人人享有安全饮水和卫生设施（英）-70页_13mb

报告摘要

Philippines Economic Update December 2023

Economic Overview: Economic Growth slowed in 2023 from 7.7% in 2022 Q1-Q3 to 5.5%, though services led the recovery while industry and agriculture struggled. Global slowdown, weak demand, and high inflation constrained exports and manufacturing, but tourism helped. Public debt slightly decreased to 60.2% of GDP, and the fiscal deficit narrowed to 5.7% during the year. Inflation averaged 6.4% in 2023, fanned by food and energy prices; tighter monetary policy and discouraged borrowing have slightly constrained private investment.
Labor Market: The unemployment rate slightly decreased to 4.4% in August 2023 compared to 4.7% in March. However, female labor force participation dropped, while low-quality jobs remained high (30.1% of employment in August 2023). Youth unemployment reached 14% in July, the highest in 2023.
Growth Outlook: The economy is expected to grow at an average of 5.8% in 2024-25. Services and IT-BPO will drive growth, with public investment maintaining above 5.0% of GDP. Risks include global inflation, monetary tightening, geopolitical tensions, and climate shocks, which could affect food supplies and inflation.
Water Security: The Philippines faces challenges in water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WSS) access, with only 48% of the population having access to safely managed services. Foundational water security is a key pillar for inclusive growth and climate adaptation. The country needs to address institutional fragmentation, sector incentives, and investment gaps to achieve universal WSS coverage by 2030. Efforts must prioritize cities, poor areas, and water storage to mitigate climate risks and ensure equitable access.

Key Recommendations:

strengthening institutions by pursuing
- integrated water resource management (IWRM)
- regulatory reforms
- clear funding policies.
improving incentives by optimizing
- water pricing and user fees
- performance-based standards for service providers
- increasing utility creditworthiness.
increasing investments by targeting areas at risk of water stress, engaging the private sector through public-private partnerships (via ODA and blended finance), and implementing a programmed and prioritized approach to funding.