亚开行-2019年亚洲及太平洋主要指标（英文）-2019.9-323页_95mb

Summary of Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2019

Core Content

The Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2019 is the 50th edition of the Asian Development Bank (ADB)'s flagship statistical publication, providing a comprehensive overview of economic, social, and environmental developments across the region. It includes data on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), regional trends, and global value chains, with a focus on supporting evidence-based policymaking and development planning.

Main Views and Highlights

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The report covers all 17 SDGs, highlighting progress and challenges in areas such as poverty reduction, food security, health, education, gender equality, water and sanitation, energy access, economic growth, infrastructure, inequality reduction, sustainable cities, responsible consumption, climate action, ocean conservation, ecosystem protection, peace and justice, and global partnerships.
• Data Sources and License: The data is sourced from official statistics and international agencies, and the report is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO), allowing for free use with proper attribution.
• Digital Transformation: The report notes the shift from traditional data collection methods to a more innovative statistical ecosystem, driven by new technologies, which enhances human-data interaction and understanding of the region.
• Regional Development: Asia and the Pacific have made significant progress in poverty reduction, with extreme poverty declining from 1.1 billion in 2002 to 264 million in 2015. The region's share of global GDP surpassed one-third in 2018, indicating economic growth and integration into global value chains.
• Challenges: Despite progress, the region still faces challenges, including rising carbon emissions, air pollution in cities, slum populations, aging populations, and gender disparities in political representation.

Key Indicators by Theme

I. Sustainable Development Goals

• SDG 1: Poverty reduction has seen substantial progress.
• SDG 2: Food security and improved nutrition are ongoing priorities.
• SDG 3: Maternal and child health has improved, but communicable diseases and mortality rates remain issues.
• SDG 4: Education access and quality have advanced, but disparities in learning outcomes persist.
• SDG 5: Gender equality and women's empowerment are still areas requiring attention.
• SDG 6: Access to clean water and sanitation is a critical concern.
• SDG 7: Energy access has improved, but challenges remain in affordability and sustainability.
• SDG 8: Economic growth and employment are key, with notable trends in unemployment and youth participation.
• SDG 9: Infrastructure and innovation are advancing, but CO2 emissions and R&D investment need monitoring.
• SDG 10: Inequality reduction is a major focus, with data on income growth and disparities.
• SDG 11: Sustainable urban development and environmental conditions in cities are highlighted.
• SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production patterns are emphasized.
• SDG 13: Climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts are under review.
• SDG 14: Marine conservation and sustainable use of ocean resources are tracked.
• SDG 15: Terrestrial ecosystem protection and biodiversity conservation are noted.
• SDG 16: Peace, justice, and institutional effectiveness are assessed.
• SDG 17: Strengthening global partnerships and financial sustainability are key areas.

II. Regional Trends and Tables

• Population: Data on population distribution, migration, and aging is presented.
• Labor Force and Employment: Trends in employment by sector and labor participation rates are detailed.
• Poverty and Inequality: Metrics on poverty levels, income distribution, and the Human Development Index (HDI) are included.
• Social Indicators: Life expectancy, birth and death rates, education and health resources are analyzed.
• Economy and Output: GDP, economic activity, consumption, investment, and trade data are covered.
• Money, Finance, and Prices: Inflation, interest rates, and financial indicators are highlighted.
• Globalization: Balance of payments, remittances, FDI, and international reserves are analyzed.
• Transport and Communications: Infrastructure and connectivity data, including road, rail, air transport, and internet access.
• Energy and Electricity: Energy use, production, and electrification rates are reported.
• Environment: Land use, pollution, and freshwater resources are tracked.
• Government and Governance: Government finances, tax collection, and business environment indicators are included.

Global Value Chains

• The report examines the domestic value-added in Asia's exports, showing how value is distributed across sectors and regions.
• Asia's role in global value chains is emphasized, with a focus on both exporting and importing value-added components.
• Vertical specialization is analyzed for various economies, indicating the extent to which they participate in global production networks.
• The findings suggest that while Asia is a major player in global value chains, there is room for improvement in terms of value creation and integration.

Key Data Gaps and Initiatives

• The report acknowledges data gaps and challenges in collecting and compiling statistics.
• It highlights the importance of statistical capacity building, particularly through the use of handheld digital devices for data collection and management, which offer more efficient and accurate data gathering compared to traditional methods.
• ADB's Statistics and Data Innovation Unit played a key role in preparing this edition, showcasing the bank's commitment to data innovation and accessibility.

Conclusion

This edition of Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific reflects the region's development achievements and ongoing challenges. It serves as a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, and the public, providing a detailed and accessible overview of key economic, social, and environmental indicators. The report underscores the need for continued investment in data systems, governance, and sustainable development practices to ensure long-term progress.