2001-12-31-世界卫生组织-2002_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Mozambique_Maputo_1页_38kb

Mozambique – Maputo (Ages 13-15) Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Summary

Core Content

The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in Mozambique – Maputo in 2002 provides critical data on tobacco use prevalence and related determinants among students aged 13-15. The survey used a two-stage cluster sampling method to ensure representative data across the region. Schools were selected based on enrollment size, and classes were randomly chosen, with all students in selected classes participating. The overall response rate was 88.4%, with a total of 912 students surveyed.

Key Findings

Tobacco Use Prevalence

• Ever smoked cigarettes: 13.4% (Boys: 19.8%, Girls: 7.8%)
• Current tobacco use: 8.2% (Boys: 9.1%, Girls: 7.2%)
• Current cigarette smoking: 3.1% (Boys: 5.0%, Girls: 1.4%)
• Current use of other tobacco products: 5.8% (Boys: 5.4%, Girls: 6.0%)
• Likelihood of initiating smoking: 28.1% of never smokers are likely to start smoking in the next year.

Knowledge and Attitudes

• A significant proportion of students believe that smoking increases social acceptance:
  • 36.8% think boys who smoke have more friends.
  • 31.2% think girls who smoke have more friends.
  • 36.1% think boys who smoke look more attractive.
  • 35.3% think girls who smoke look more attractive.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• Home exposure: 24.8% of students live in homes where others smoke in their presence.
• Public exposure: 39.4% are exposed to smoke in places outside their home.
• Perception of harm: 43.4% believe secondhand smoke is harmful to them.
• Parental smoking: 21.3% have one or more parents who smoke.
• Peer influence: 1.5% have most or all friends who smoke.
• Public smoking ban support: 77.4% think smoking should be banned in public places.

Media and Advertising

• Anti-smoking messages: 77.2% of students were exposed to anti-smoking media messages in the past 30 days.
• Pro-cigarette ads:
  • 73.3% saw pro-cigarette ads on billboards.
  • 59.2% saw pro-cigarette ads in newspapers or magazines.
• Brand logos: 13.5% have an object with a cigarette brand logo.
• Free cigarette offers: 6.0% were offered free cigarettes by tobacco company representatives.

School Curriculum

• Smoking dangers education: 43.0% of students were taught about the dangers of smoking in class in the past year.
• Reasons for smoking discussion: 21.6% of students discussed reasons for smoking in class in the past year.
• Effects of tobacco use: 32.1% were taught about the effects of tobacco use in class in the past year.

Main Points

• Tobacco use is present among youth, with 8.2% currently using any tobacco product and 3.1% smoking cigarettes.
• High exposure to secondhand smoke is a significant concern, with over 24% exposed at home and 39% in public places.
• Peer influence and media exposure play a major role in shaping attitudes towards smoking.
• Public support for smoking bans is strong, with 77.4% believing smoking should be banned in public areas.
• School-based education on tobacco use is limited, with less than half of students receiving formal instruction on the topic.

Conclusion

The GYTS highlights the need for a multifaceted tobacco control program in Mozambique – Maputo, addressing access to tobacco products, exposure to secondhand smoke, media influence, and school-based education. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to reduce youth tobacco use and its associated health risks.