联合国贸易发展委员会-贸易和生物贸易对昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架的贡献以及与其他可持续发展目标的协同作用（英）-2025_53页_2mb

Trade and BioTrade's Contribution to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and Synergies with the Other Sustainable Development Goals

Summary

This report examines the relationship between trade and biodiversity, highlighting that trade can either threaten or support biodiversity conservation based on policies and practices. It emphasizes that sustainable trade, guided by principles such as UNCTAD's BioTrade Principles and Criteria (P&C), can align with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The analysis shows that biodiversity-based sectors (agriculture, fisheries, forestry) heavily depend on biodiversity, and sustainable trade can generate socio-economic benefits while conserving biodiversity.

Key findings include:

1. Trade and Biodiversity Synergies: Sustainable trade, particularly under BioTrade P&C, contributes to biodiversity conservation, poverty alleviation, and sustainable livelihoods. BioTrade supports economic diversification, job creation, and includes marginalized groups.

2. KMGBF Alignment: BioTrade provides tools and data (e.g., TraBio statistical tool) for monitoring KMGBF indicators, such as trends in legal and sustainable trade of biodiversity-based products.

3. Policy Recommendations:

   • Strengthen integration of biodiversity in trade agreements.
   • Promote trade policies that incentivize sustainable practices (e.g., certification, ABS regimes).
   • Enhance data collection for KMGBF monitoring through tools like TraBio and the Informal Working Group on Trade and Biodiversity Statistics (iWG).

Trade must balance economic growth with environmental sustainability to achieve biodiversity targets and support global development goals.