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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 Summary

Core Content

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a concise reference guide that provides key gender-related indicators for African countries. It is a subset of the broader Africa Development Indicators 2012/13, focusing on data relevant to economic, human development, and empowerment aspects. The book includes country-specific tables and regional data for Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, covering various categories such as demographics, health, education, labor force, and women's empowerment.

Main Categories and Indicators

1. Basic Demographic Indicators

• Population:
  • Total population (in millions) has increased from 1990 to 2010-2011.
  • Female population as a percentage of total population has remained relatively stable, ranging from 49.6% to 50.5%.
  • Population growth has generally decreased over time, from 2.8% in 1990 to 2.5% in 2010-2011.
• Age Distribution:
  • The proportion of the population aged 15-64 (working-age) has increased, indicating a growing working population.
  • The age dependency ratio (ratio of dependents to working-age population) has decreased, suggesting a more balanced age structure.
• Life Expectancy:
  • Life expectancy at birth has increased significantly, from 41.1 years in 1990 to 54.2 years in 2010-2011.
  • Female life expectancy is generally higher than male, with the gap narrowing over time.

2. Fertility and Mortality Rates

• Fertility Rate:
  • The total fertility rate has declined over the years, from 7.2 in 1990 to 4.9 in 2010-2011.
• Mortality Rate:
  • Infant mortality rate has decreased from 143.6 per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 77.1 in 2010-2011.
  • Under-5 mortality rate has also seen a decline, from 243.0 to 122.4 per 1,000 live births.

3. Education

• Gross Enrolment Rate:
  • Primary education enrollment rates have increased, especially for females, from 78.6% to 117.1%.
  • Secondary and tertiary education enrollment rates have also shown improvements, though data is less consistent.
• Primary Completion Rate:
  • The completion rate for males has increased from 26.8% to 73.6%.
  • For females, the completion rate has risen from 12.0% to 66.7%.
• Literacy Rates:
  • Adult literacy rates for males and females have improved, though they remain relatively low for females.
  • Youth literacy rates have also increased, particularly for females.

4. Health

• Contraceptive Prevalence:
  • Contraceptive use among women aged 15-49 has increased, from 64.0% to 61.4%.
• Antenatal Care:
  • Coverage by skilled health providers has increased, from 79.0% to 89.4%.
• Maternal Mortality Ratio:
  • Maternal mortality has decreased significantly, from 1,200 to 450 per 100,000 live births.
• HIV and Births Attended by Skilled Staff:
  • A percentage of HIV-positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals has increased.
  • Births attended by skilled health staff have also increased.

5. Labor Force and Wages

• Labor Force Participation:
  • Female labor force participation has increased, from 11.9% to 16.9%.
  • The participation rate for females aged 15-64 has also risen, from 10.5% to 15.7%.
• Youth Labor Force:
  • The proportion of female youth in the labor force has increased, from 15.5% to 27.4%.
  • Male youth participation has decreased slightly, from 55.0% to 48.2%.
• Unemployment Rates:
  • Unemployment rates for both male and female labor forces have decreased, though data is incomplete for some periods.

6. Women's Empowerment

• Political Representation:
  • The proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments has increased, from 15.0% to 38.6%.
• Economic Participation:
  • Female participation in firm ownership and top management roles is noted, though specific data is limited.
• Household Leadership:
  • Female-headed households are reported, though exact percentages are not always available.

Key Information

• The book is a pocket edition of the Africa Development Indicators, intended for quick reference.
• It includes country tables and regional data, with a focus on Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa.
• Data is based on the World Bank's regional classification and may not align with common geographic usage.
• Data consistency is a concern due to varying sources and collection methods, and users are advised to interpret the data carefully.
• GNI per capita is the primary criterion for classifying economies into low, middle, and high income.
• Data cutoff for this publication is August 2012, though more recent data may be available in the database.
• The book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported, allowing for free use and distribution with proper citation.

Notes

• Some data is not available or missing, indicated by ...
• Italicized data represents the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
• The data presentation uses specific conventions, such as defining a billion as 1,000 million and growth rates in real terms.
• Regional data for North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa is provided separately, with different timeframes and classifications.