2005-12-31-世界卫生组织-2006_GYTS_Country_Report_Timor-Leste_23页_179kb

报告摘要

Summary of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey in Timor Leste 2006

Background

Timor Leste ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) in 2004, which requires monitoring tobacco use among youth. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) was conducted in 2006 to assess youth tobacco use and inform tobacco control programs. The survey focused on key areas defined by the FCTC Articles, including surveillance, prevalence, secondhand smoke, school-based interventions, cessation, media exposure, and minor access.

Methodology

The GYTS employed a standardized sampling design, with a 96% school response rate and 84% student participation rate. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires in schools for students aged 13–15. The survey measured indicators such as smoking prevalence, susceptibility to initiation, secondhand smoke exposure, and tobacco advertising. Results were analyzed using statistical methods, including weighting for non-response.

Key Findings

Prevalence: Approximately 41.5% of students had ever smoked cigarettes, with 32.4% being current smokers. Boys had significantly higher rates than girls. A high susceptibility to smoking initiation (48.8% among never smokers) and widespread use of other tobacco products (24.1%).
Secondhand Smoke Exposure: Over 63% of students were exposed to smoke at home, and about 70% in public places. Few (39.9%) supported banning smoking in public spaces.
Education and Media: Only 33.5% of students received school-based tobacco education, and 66.3% saw tobacco advertisements in the media. About 34.3% had items with cigarette brand logos.
Cessation: High cessation desire (73.7% among current smokers) and attempts (73.6% tried to quit), but only 85.5% received help.
Access and Availability: 24.1% of smokers bought tobacco regularly in stores, and nearly half were not refused due to age. Major issues included the availability of smuggled cigarettes and free promotional items.

Interpretation and Discussion

The high youth smoking rates compared to Southeast Asia and global averages highlight the need for stronger tobacco control efforts. Key issues align with FCTC Articles, such as insufficient enforcement of minor access laws, low public awareness of health risks, and limited school-based interventions. Challenges include cross-border tobacco trade (e.g., imported cigarettes from Indonesia) and ineffective advertising regulations.

Recommendations and Conclusion

Tobacco control in Timor Leste should prioritize:

Strengthening enforcement of FCTC Articles, particularly those protecting minors from tobacco access and promoting smoke-free environments.
Developing school-based education and cessation programs, building on existing community efforts.
Enhancing bilateral collaboration with Indonesia to address illicit tobacco trade.
The GYTS data serve as a baseline for evaluating future tobacco control policies and should be integrated into national strategies to reduce youth smoking and its associated health burdens.