中国保险业2015年业绩预测及2016年展望总结
核心内容概述
本报告分析了2016年中国保险业的前景,特别是寿险行业。尽管2016年保险公司的净利润可能下降,但长期来看,行业仍具备增长潜力。
主要观点
- 股价表现:年初至今,保险板块股价平均下跌了约20%。
- 2016年净利润预测:预计2016年保险公司净利润可能下降,主要由于:
- 股市波动导致投资收益率下降;
- 利率下行空间有限,影响利息收入;
- 高现金价值产品可能受到监管限制,影响保费增长。
- 内含价值增长:尽管净利润可能下降,但保险公司内含价值仍将继续增长。
- 长期前景:
- 中国保险渗透率和密度仍远低于世界平均水平;
- 国家设定的2020年保险业目标表明保费将保持约15%的年均复合增长率;
- 随着人口老龄化,商业养老保险将成为社会保障体系的重要组成部分,未来可能有更多利好政策支持。
关键信息
2015年业绩预测
- 多家保险公司预计在2015年实现利润正增长,尤其是中国人寿、中国太平和中国再保险已发布正面盈利预报。
- 中国平安和新华保险预计也将实现强劲的盈利增长。
- 2015年业绩增长主要得益于保费持续增长和第四季度投资收益的复苏。
- 2015年投资收益率因利率下降而提升,从而改善了投资回报。
估值与选股思路
- 由于2016年利润可能负增长,以及股市整体估值下降,目标股价和内含价值比率被下调约20%-30%。
- 当前主要寿险公司的股价/内含价值比率低于1倍,估值接近过去五年的低点。
- 中国再保险自IPO以来股价下跌了26%。
- 作者认为市场对长期投资回报率的预期过于悲观,当前估值反映了接近或低于2%的预期回报率,而实际上市场前景仍是正面的。
- 在极端情况下,股票和债券市场同时崩盘可能导致行业短期受挫,但不太可能长期持续。
- 四家主要寿险公司(中国平安、中国人寿、新华保险、中国太平)被认定为被低估,整体板块维持正面看法。
估值表格(图1)
| 公司 |
股票代码 |
评级 |
当前股价 |
目标价 |
市值(百万美元) |
P/EV(2015E) |
P/EV(2016E) |
P/B(2015E) |
P/B(2016E) |
P/E(2015E) |
P/E(2016E) |
ROE(2015E) |
ROE(2016E) |
| 中国平安 |
2318 HK |
BUY |
34.7 |
51.9 |
74,220 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
9.3 |
10.2 |
16.5% |
12.7% |
| 中国人寿 |
2628 HK |
BUY |
17.5 |
26.5 |
66,347 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
11.9 |
18.2 |
11.9% |
8.0% |
| 新华保险 |
1336 HK |
BUY |
23.8 |
32.4 |
10,895 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
8.9 |
10.8 |
13.0% |
10.3% |
| 中国太平 |
966 HK |
BUY |
15.5 |
28.1 |
7,178 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
6.7 |
7.5 |
13.0% |
10.1% |
| 中国再保险 |
1508 HK |
BUY |
2.0 |
2.9 |
10,876 |
N/A |
N/A |
1.1 |
1.0 |
11.0 |
10.0 |
11.7% |
10.5% |
中国平安财务数据(图2)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 投资收益率 (%) |
4.7 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
6.5 |
5.3 |
5.4 |
| 资本充足率 (%) |
186% |
174% |
205% |
195% |
190% |
180% |
| ROE (%) |
12.6 |
15.4 |
16.6 |
16.5 |
12.7 |
15.7 |
| ROA (%) |
0.7 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
| 总收入(人民币百万) |
339,193 |
421,221 |
530,020 |
671,682 |
750,055 |
856,710 |
| 净利润(人民币百万) |
20,050 |
28,154 |
39,279 |
54,836 |
50,183 |
69,252 |
| 净利润增长率 (%) |
-11.2% |
40.4% |
39.5% |
39.6% |
-8.5% |
38.0% |
| 派息率 (%) |
1.1 |
1.5 |
0.6 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.5 |
| 内含价值(人民币百万) |
285,874 |
329,653 |
458,812 |
574,892 |
685,027 |
823,586 |
| P/EV (x) |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
| P/E (x) |
22.1 |
15.7 |
13.0 |
9.3 |
10.2 |
7.4 |
| P/B (x) |
2.8 |
2.4 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
中国人寿财务数据(图3)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 投资收益率 (%) |
2.8% |
4.9% |
5.4% |
5.0% |
4.1% |
4.1% |
| 资本充足率 (%) |
235.6% |
226.2% |
294.5% |
280.0% |
254.5% |
231.4% |
| ROE (%) |
5.4% |
11.2% |
12.8% |
11.9% |
8.0% |
9.0% |
| ROA (%) |
0.6% |
1.3% |
1.5% |
1.5% |
0.9% |
1.0% |
| 总收入(人民币百万) |
371,485 |
417,883 |
440,766 |
487,542 |
509,990 |
561,475 |
| 净利润(人民币百万) |
11,061 |
24,765 |
32,211 |
35,610 |
24,118 |
27,104 |
| 净利润增长率 (%) |
-39.7% |
123.9% |
30.1% |
10.6% |
-32.3% |
12.4% |
| 派息率 (%) |
0.88% |
2.05% |
2.65% |
2.93% |
1.93% |
8.35% |
| 内含价值(人民币百万) |
329,653 |
458,812 |
574,892 |
685,027 |
823,586 |
1,000,000 |
| P/EV (x) |
1.3 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
| P/AV (x) |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
| P/E (x) |
38.6 |
17.1 |
13.2 |
11.9 |
18.2 |
16.2 |
| P/B (x) |
2.1 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
新华保险财务数据(图4)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 投资收益率 (%) |
3.3% |
5.2% |
5.8% |
5.4% |
4.2% |
4.4% |
| 资本充足率 (%) |
192.6% |
169.7% |
226.5% |
215.2% |
198.0% |
182.1% |
| ROE (%) |
8.7% |
11.8% |
14.6% |
13.0% |
10.3% |
11.8% |
| ROA (%) |
0.6% |
0.8% |
1.1% |
1.0% |
0.7% |
0.7% |
| 总收入(人民币百万) |
108,610 |
128,217 |
142,094 |
158,954 |
160,741 |
173,642 |
| 净利润(人民币百万) |
2,799 |
4,422 |
6,406 |
7,187 |
5,936 |
6,767 |
| 净利润增长率 (%) |
24.5% |
58.0% |
44.9% |
12.2% |
-17.4% |
14.0% |
| 派息率 (%) |
1.6% |
0.7% |
1.0% |
1.1% |
0.9% |
1.1% |
| 内含价值(人民币百万) |
285,874 |
329,653 |
458,812 |
574,892 |
685,027 |
823,586 |
| P/EV (x) |
1.1 |
1.0 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
| P/AV (x) |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
| P/E (x) |
16.5 |
14.4 |
10.0 |
8.9 |
10.8 |
9.5 |
| P/B (x) |
2.0 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
中国太平财务数据(图5)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 投资收益率 (%) |
3.6% |
5.1% |
5.8% |
5.7% |
4.4% |
4.6% |
| 资本充足率 (%) |
164.0% |
166.0% |
275.0% |
260.0% |
250.0% |
245.0% |
| ROE (%) |
9.7% |
10.7% |
13.0% |
13.0% |
10.1% |
13.1% |
| ROA (%) |
0.7% |
0.7% |
1.1% |
1.3% |
1.0% |
1.1% |
| 总收入(港币百万) |
63,032,530 |
93,560,934 |
85,117,175 |
149,622,304 |
167,067,395 |
197,107,774 |
| 净利润(港币百万) |
936,558 |
1,652,934 |
4,041,682 |
6,481,907 |
5,810,252 |
7,620,883 |
| 净利润增长率 (%) |
89.1% |
76.5% |
144.5% |
60.4% |
-10.4% |
31.2% |
| 派息率 (%) |
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
| 内含价值(港币百万) |
285,874 |
329,653 |
458,812 |
574,892 |
685,027 |
823,586 |
| P/EV (x) |
1.9 |
1.2 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
| P/AV (x) |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
| P/E (x) |
28.3 |
20.8 |
10.8 |
6.7 |
7.5 |
5.7 |
| P/B (x) |
2.4 |
2.0 |
1.1 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
中国再保险财务数据(图6)
| 指标 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 投资收益率 (%) |
5.18% |
6.54% |
6.93% |
4.81% |
4.84% |
| 资本充足率 (%) |
324% |
248% |
270% |
255% |
245% |
| 净利润(人民币百万) |
3,373 |
5,404 |
7,448 |
8,156 |
11,370 |
| 净利润增长率 (%) |
49.1% |
60.2% |
37.8% |
9.5% |
39.4% |
| ROE (%) |
7.6% |
10.9% |
11.7% |
10.5% |
13.1% |
| ROA (%) |
2.2% |
3.1% |
3.6% |
3.4% |
4.3% |
| P/E (x) |
21.4 |
12.8 |
11.0 |
10.0 |
7.2 |
| P/B (x) |
1.8 |
1.5 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
中国平安损益表(图7)
| 指标 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 净保费收入 |
186,662 |
213,144 |
240,199 |
288,779 |
343,523 |
404,897 |
471,719 |
| 再保险佣金收入 |
3,656 |
4,529 |
6,584 |
7,963 |
9,800 |
11,215 |
12,594 |
| 银行业务利息收入 |
39,314 |
74,852 |
93,291 |
119,422 |
131,894 |
137,327 |
153,011 |
| 非保险业务手续费及佣金收入 |
8,614 |
10,891 |
15,815 |
25,643 |
43,176 |
55,590 |
52,832 |
| 投资收入 |
29,265 |
27,378 |
55,583 |
71,538 |
116,253 |
109,247 |
128,036 |
| 其他收入 |
3,665 |
8,445 |
10,013 |
16,737 |
26,942 |
31,682 |
38,407 |
| 总收入 |
272,244 |
339,193 |
421,221 |
530,020 |
671,682 |
750,055 |
856,710 |
| 保险赔付及费用 |
(145,764) |
(165,994) |
(198,002) |
(228,326) |
(283,523) |
(334,567) |
(394,945) |
| 保险业务手续费及佣金支出 |
(17,767) |
(20,437) |
(25,390) |
(34,941) |
(36,535) |
(46,979) |
(49,741) |
| 银行业务利息支出 |
(20,432) |
(40,351) |
(50,861) |
(64,527) |
(76,570) |
(77,260) |
(87,568) |
| 非保险业务手续费及佣金支出 |
(1,050) |
(1,455) |
(1,979) |
(3,230) |
(4,684) |
(6,118) |
(5,838) |
| 贷款损失准备(净) |
(1,704) |
(3,048) |
(6,709) |
(14,614) |
(29,005) |
(31,483) |
(17,069) |
| 外汇损益(净) |
(434) |
255 |
(381) |
(191) |
(28) |
(87) |
(85) |
| 一般及行政费用 |
(50,575) |
(68,477) |
(81,753) |
(102,565) |
(131,153) |
(145,702) |
(169,661) |
| 财务成本 |
(1,254) |
(1,758) |
(3,202) |
(6,974) |
(5,153) |
(6,150) |
(7,239) |
| 其他费用 |
(3,238) |
(5,590) |
(6,720) |
(12,299) |
(16,741) |
(19,562) |
(14,372) |
| 总费用 |
(242,218) |
(306,855) |
(374,997) |
(467,667) |
(583,392) |
(667,909) |
(746,519) |
| 税前利润 |
30,026 |
32,338 |
46,224 |
62,353 |
88,290 |
82,146 |
110,191 |
| 所得税 |
(7,444) |
(5,588) |
(10,210) |
(14,423) |
(19,745) |
(20,947) |
(25,737) |
| 当期利润 |
22,582 |
26,750 |
36,014 |
47,930 |
68,544 |
61,199 |
84,454 |
| 归属于母公司 |
19,475 |
20,050 |
28,154 |
39,279 |
54,836 |
50,183 |
69,252 |
中国人寿损益表(图8)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 净保费收入 |
322,126 |
324,813 |
330,105 |
368,268 |
406,681 |
451,427 |
| 投资收入 |
46,054 |
88,746 |
106,476 |
114,462 |
97,292 |
103,130 |
| 其他收入 |
3,305 |
4,324 |
4,185 |
4,813 |
6,016 |
6,918 |
| 总收入 |
371,485 |
417,883 |
440,766 |
487,542 |
509,990 |
561,475 |
| 保险赔付及费用 |
(300,562) |
(312,288) |
(315,294) |
(349,803) |
(386,442) |
(429,402) |
| 投资合同收益 |
(2,032) |
(1,818) |
(1,958) |
(2,545) |
(2,418) |
(2,539) |
| 保单红利支出 |
(3,435) |
(18,423) |
(24,866) |
(27,353) |
(27,900) |
(30,690) |
| 业务及获取保单成本 |
(27,754) |
(25,690) |
(27,147) |
(27,006) |
(26,899) |
(26,686) |
| 财务成本 |
(2,575) |
(4,032) |
(4,726) |
(5,671) |
(5,955) |
(6,074) |
| 其他费用 |
(3,230) |
(3,864) |
(4,151) |
(4,566) |
(5,023) |
(5,525) |
| 总赔付及费用 |
(363,554) |
(391,557) |
(374,997) |
(446,704) |
(484,554) |
(533,291) |
| 关联公司利润 |
3,037 |
(46) |
(264) |
(62) |
93 |
97 |
| 财务成本 |
(3,037) |
(46) |
(264) |
(62) |
93 |
97 |
| 税前利润 |
10,968 |
29,451 |
40,402 |
45,531 |
31,067 |
34,943 |
| 所得税 |
304 |
(5,588) |
(10,210) |
(14,423) |
(19,745) |
(20,947) |
| 当期利润 |
11,272 |
25,008 |
32,514 |
35,970 |
24,543 |
27,605 |
| 归属于母公司 |
11,061 |
24,765 |
32,211 |
35,610 |
24,118 |
27,104 |
新华保险损益表(图9)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 净保费收入及保单费用 |
95,664 |
103,615 |
109,470 |
121,142 |
128,097 |
138,040 |
| 投资收入 |
12,754 |
24,374 |
31,784 |
36,552 |
31,069 |
33,554 |
| 其他收入 |
192 |
228 |
840 |
1,260 |
1,575 |
2,048 |
| 总收入 |
108,610 |
128,217 |
142,094 |
158,954 |
160,741 |
173,642 |
| 保险赔付及费用 |
(87,151) |
(103,741) |
(112,017) |
(125,631) |
(129,097) |
(139,220) |
| 投资合同收益 |
(635) |
(869) |
(1,144) |
(1,316) |
(1,513) |
(1,694) |
| 保单红利支出 |
(3,435) |
(18,423) |
(24,866) |
(27,353) |
(27,900) |
(30,690) |
| 业务及获取保单成本 |
(27,754) |
(25,690) |
(27,147) |
(27,006) |
(26,899) |
(26,686) |
| 财务成本 |
(2,575) |
(4,032) |
(4,726) |
(5,671) |
(5,955) |
(6,074) |
| 其他费用 |
(3,230) |
(3,864) |
(4,151) |
(4,566) |
(5,023) |
(5,525) |
| 总赔付及费用 |
(104,531) |
(121,652) |
(132,680) |
(148,231) |
(152,038) |
(163,816) |
| 关联公司利润 |
2 |
364 |
539 |
650 |
750 |
800 |
| 税前利润 |
3,275 |
4,959 |
7,782 |
8,876 |
7,331 |
8,461 |
| 所得税 |
(475) |
(535) |
(1,375) |
(1,686) |
(1,393) |
(1,692) |
| 当期利润 |
2,800 |
4,424 |
6,407 |
7,189 |
5,938 |
6,769 |
| 归属于母公司 |
2,799 |
4,422 |
6,406 |
7,187 |
5,936 |
6,767 |
中国再保险损益表(图10)
| 指标 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015E |
2016E |
2017E |
| 净保费收入 |
56,870 |
63,817 |
69,561 |
79,813 |
99,272 |
121,297 |
| 未赚保费变动 |
(1,577) |
(2,705) |
(709) |
(1,064) |
(1,383) |
(1,659) |
| 净保费收入 |
55,293 |
61,112 |
68,852 |
78,749 |
97,889 |
119,638 |
| 再保险佣金收入 |
458 |
542 |
787 |
1,007 |
1,108 |
1,219 |
| 投资收入 |
4,117 |
5,991 |
7,633 |
10,534 |
8,427 |
9,101 |
| 汇兑损益(净) |
16 |
39 |
(93) |
(50) |
(50) |
(50) |
| 其他收入 |
667 |
617 |
620 |
626 |
632 |
639 |
| 总收入 |
60,551 |
68,301 |
77,799 |
90,866 |
108,006 |
130,546 |
| 保险赔付及费用 |
(37,760) |
(41,535) |
(50,377) |
(57,465) |
(69,985) |
(83,117) |
| 处理费用及佣金 |
(13,636) |
(15,799) |
(17,147) |
(18,006) |
(18,899) |
(20,686) |
| 财务成本 |
(243) |
(209) |
(130 |
|
|
|