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Summary of the Report on Liquid Fuel Reduction in West Africa

The report analyzes the significant challenges posed by liquid fuel dependency in West Africa's power generation sector. Liquid fuels like diesel and heavy fuel oil (HFO) are heavily used, contributing to high costs, inefficiencies, and environmental burdens.

Key Findings

1. High Costs and Inefficiencies: Liquid fuels account for approximately 4.5 GW of capacity and 12.7 TWh of annual generation. They constitute 73% of regional generation costs, averaging US$ 0.26/kWh and driving fiscal challenges.
2. Regional Trade Benefits: Full integration scenarios show an 82% reduction in liquid fuel generation and up to a 13% decrease in fuel costs through regional power trade, facilitated by infrastructure and regulatory improvements.
3. Domestic Optimization: Without regional integration, countries can reduce liquid fuel reliance by optimizing grid assets, renegotiating fuel contracts, and scaling renewable energy sources like solar PV and gas.
4. Environmental Impact: Phasing out liquid fuels can reduce CO2 emissions by 20 million tons by 2030, with monetary valuations ranging around US$ 1 billion.
5. Policy Recommendations: Recommendations emphasize reducing barriers to regional integration, improving contract management, and leveraging innovative financing for renewables.

Recommendations

• Regional Integration: Increase power trade by aligning national and regional energy strategies, improving transmission infrastructure, and building trust among trading partners.
• Operational Efficiency: Optimize dispatch through grid studies, improve contract management for fuel agreements, and convert existing liquid fuel assets to alternative fuels like gas.
• Renewable Scaling: Accelerate the deployment of solar PV via utility-scale, rental, and public procurement options, supported by development finance to de-risk investments and attract private capital.
• Short-Term Actions: Focus on demand management, improving energy efficiency, and phasing out stranded assets to achieve immediate reductions in liquid fuel use.

The report concludes that a swift transition away from liquid fuels is economically and environmentally imperative for sustainable energy development in West Africa, with regional cooperation being a cornerstone for success.