2008-02-17-世界卫生组织-Health_information_systems_19页_443kb

Introduction and Overview: The Health Information System (HIS) is essential for health decision-making, providing data generation, compilation, analysis, synthesis, and communication to support policy, planning, monitoring, and research. It enables tracking of health system inputs, processes, outputs, and outcomes, with growing recognition from global health initiatives.

Expectations of a Country HIS: HIS serves multiple users across individual, facility, and population levels to enable evidence-based decisions. Individual-level data aids clinical care, facility-level data supports resource management, and population-level data informs public health surveillance. HI reforms and performance-based monitoring increase demands for standardized, high-quality data.

Sources of Information: Data on HIS functioning comes from ministries of health, national statistics offices, international agencies (e.g., WHO, IMF), and country-specific sources like civil registration and surveys, ensuring reliability and comparability through adherence to global standards.

Criteria for Assessing HIS Performance: Assessment relies on frameworks like the UN Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics and the HMN Framework, focusing on data quality aspects including accuracy, timeliness, accessibility, coherence, and relevance. No universally accepted criteria exist, but self-assessment (HMN tool) and independent methods (e.g., World Bank indicators) gauge capacities and identify weaknesses.

Methods for Assessing HIS Performance: Performance can be evaluated through self-assessment (time-consuming but fosters ownership, part of HMN tool) or independent assessment (less biased but may be resource-intensive, using tools like GDDS). Methods aim to improve communication and data use but face challenges in standardization and comparability.

Core Indicators for HIS Performance: Indicators are grouped into data generation (e.g., survey coverage, birth/death registration) and capacity for analysis (e.g., data validation, national indicators). These measure periodicity, completeness, timeliness, and institutional strengths, with examples like HISPIX components.

Summary Measure: HISPIX: The Health Information System Performance Index provides a standardized score based on predefined indicators to assess data quality and overall performance for better comparability across countries and time, though self-assessment efforts are encouraged for sustainability.

Annex: Selected Tools: References provide guidelines for HIS assessment, including HMN's self-assessment tool, metadata standards from OECD/IMF, and resources for civil registration, surveys, and national statistics, facilitating implementation and improvement.