2022-06-02-世界卫生组织-PHSM_information_flyer_2页_467kb

报告摘要

Public Health and Social Measures (PHSM) Analysis

Background

PHSM are key strategies for reducing pathogen transmission by reducing person-to-person contacts or making them safer, contributing to lowering infection rates, hospitalizations, and deaths, thereby easing healthcare pressure. Countries and entities like governments and communities have implemented PHSM such as mask-wearing, physical distancing, gathering restrictions, contact tracing, and travel limits during health emergencies for pathogens like COVID-19.

Benefits vs Burden

The benefits of PHSM must be weighed against their unintended negative consequences for individuals and societies:

Worsening physical and mental health
Economic hardship
Exacerbation of existing social inequalities, including gender inequalities.

Objectives

The World Health Organization (WHO) aims to:

Establish global monitoring and reviews for PHSM implementation and data.
Strengthen PHSM research methodology, including harmonized concepts, legal/ethical support, and a global research agenda.
Enhance precision in PHSM decision-making by balancing costs/benefits and providing social protection to mitigate burdens, especially for vulnerable groups.
Integrate PHSM systematically into existing health emergency management and healthcare systems governance through a whole-of-society approach.

Key Achievements

Global PHSM Research and Database:
- Launched a global initiative on 14 June 2021.
- Organized a technical consultation with experts from 25 countries.
PHSM Research Methodology:
- Initiated an umbrella review of PHSM evidence syntheses.
- Established a PHSM Working Group under the Strategic and Technical Advisory Group on Infectious Hazards (STAG-IH).
- Formed an internal Steering Group.
Precision in Decision-Making:
- Support for evidence-driven, context-specific policies.
- Measures to mitigate the health, social, and economic burdens of PHSM.
Goverance and Leadership:
- Engaged stakeholders across sectors to define common targets, resources, and collaborative governance.

Future Priorities

Integrate PHSM systematically into health emergency management and health system governance at various levels.
Develop comparable PHSM data and regional/local knowledge documentation and exchange.
Incorporate a precautionary principle by taking anticipatory, preventative actions to catalyze agile responses during emergencies.

Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention (EPP)

PHSM integration anticipates risks and impacts of inaction, promoting preparedness through preventative actions and adaptable responses.

Source

Materials compiled by the WHO Health Emergencies Programme throughout 2022 under the Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention Division.
<sub>Based on data from measuring the effectiveness and impact of public health and social measures (PHSM): https://www.who.int/activities/measuring-the-effectiveness-and-impact-of-public-health-and-social-measures</sub>