欧洲的5G频谱选择（英文）_28页-1mb

5G Spectrum Options for Europe – Summary

1. Introduction

5G is not just an evolution of current mobile broadband but a transformative technology that will enable high throughput, reliability, and massive connectivity across various vertical markets such as automotive, energy, and healthcare. To support this, new spectrum resources will be needed, both in existing bands and in new higher frequency ranges. The development of 5G spectrum in Europe must consider global initiatives, regional studies, and technical standardization efforts to ensure harmonization and competitiveness.

2. ITU-R Activities: Agenda Item 1.13 for WRC-19

The ITU-R is studying frequency bands between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz for potential allocation to 5G. These bands include:

• 30 GHz (24.25–27.5 GHz, 31.8–33.4 GHz)
• 40–55 GHz (37–40.5 GHz, 40.5–42.5 GHz, 42.5–43.5 GHz, 45.5–47 GHz, 47–47.2 GHz, 47.2–50.2 GHz, 50.4–52.6 GHz)
• 66–86 GHz (66–71 GHz, 71–76 GHz, 81–86 GHz)

However, not all of these bands will be used for 5G. The ITU-R is also evaluating the spectrum needs for 5G and compatibility with existing services. The studies will inform decisions at the WRC-19 conference.

3. 3GPP Activities

3GPP is accelerating the development of the 5G New Radio (NR) standard, with the first release (Release 15) targeting early 2019 deployments. Key developments include:

• Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G NR – Utilizes existing LTE infrastructure and adds a new 5G carrier. This configuration is expected for early 5G deployments.
• Standalone (SA) 5G NR – Fully independent 5G network with a new core architecture.
• C-band (3300–4200 MHz) – Being considered for 5G with options to define it as two separate bands or one combined band. This band is crucial for balancing coverage and capacity.
• 26 GHz (24.25–29.5 GHz) – Two bands (24.25–27.5 GHz and 26.5–29.5 GHz) are being standardized, with expected completion by June 2018.

3GPP is also working on mechanisms to allow efficient coexistence of LTE and 5G in the same bands, as well as UL pairing to improve coverage and efficiency by combining lower and higher frequency bands.

4. Country and Regional Initiatives for 5G Spectrum Outside of Europe

Various countries have taken steps to define and allocate spectrum for 5G:

• United States:

  • 600 MHz (low band) is being auctioned for wide-area coverage.
  • 3.5 GHz (mid band) is under review for commercial use.
  • Millimeter wave bands (28 GHz, 39 GHz, 64–71 GHz) are being explored for high throughput.
  • FCC has proposed new rules for 27.5–28.35 GHz, 31.8–33 GHz, and 42–42.5 GHz.
  • The Mobile Now Act proposes additional bands for 5G trials and study.

• Korea:

  • Allocating 4 GHz of millimeter wave spectrum in three phases (2018–2026).
  • 27.5–28.5 GHz is allocated for the 2018 Winter Olympics trial.

• China:

  • Conducting multi-year trials in 3400–3600 MHz and 4800–5000 MHz.
  • Drafting regulations for 3300–3600 MHz and 4800–5000 MHz.
  • Considering 24.75–27.5 GHz and 37–42 GHz for 5G.

• Japan:

  • Investigating 3600–4200 MHz, 4400–4900 MHz, and 28 GHz for 5G.
  • Field trials are planned for 2017 using these bands.

• Australia:

  • Targeting 3.4–3.7 GHz and millimeter wave (28 GHz, 39 GHz) for 5G.
  • Telstra is conducting trials in 2018.

• Singapore:

  • Public consultation on spectrum for 5G, including bands below 1 GHz, 1–6 GHz, and above 6 GHz (26 GHz, 28 GHz).

• Hong Kong:

  • Working on spectrum for 5G in the 3.4–3.8 GHz and 24.25–28.35 GHz bands.

5. Development of 5G Spectrum in Europe

The European Commission has outlined a Gigabit Society Action Plan, aiming for:

• 5G trials starting in 2017
• Early 5G networks by 2018
• Commercial 5G services in major cities by 2020
• Full 5G deployment across the EU by 2025

Pioneer spectrum bands for 5G in Europe include:

• 700 MHz – Harmonized across Europe and expected to be reallocated by 2020.
• 3.4–3.8 GHz – Being harmonized, with auctions planned for 2017–2018.
• 26 GHz (24.25–27.5 GHz) – Being studied for harmonized technical conditions.

DIGITALEUROPE recommends early implementation of the 700 MHz band and the use of Single Duplex Link (SDL) in the duplex gap to increase downlink capacity. The 3.4–3.8 GHz band is considered the primary band for 5G in the 1–6 GHz range, and harmonization is key to reduce fragmentation and support commercial deployment.

6. Recommendations

DIGITALEUROPE emphasizes the need for:

• Harmonization of 5G spectrum across Europe to ensure a competitive and unified market.
• Licensing methods that are flexible, efficient, and suitable for both licensed and license-exempt use.
• Spectrum sharing and compatibility studies to support coexistence with existing services.
• Early allocation of the 700 MHz and 3.4–3.8 GHz bands to enable 5G deployment before 2020.
• Incentive regulation to encourage investment and innovation in 5G technology.
• Use of already harmonized spectrum to facilitate the transition to 5G.