2009年-世界发展银行全球_Disaster_Risk_Management_Strategy___Nias_Livelihoods_and_Economic_Development_Program_44页_928kb

Summary of the Nias Livelihoods and Economic Development Program (LEDP) Disaster Risk Management Strategy

1. Introduction

This report outlines the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) strategy for the Nias Livelihoods and Economic Development Program (LEDP), a project supported by the World Bank and funded through the Multi-Donor Fund (MDF). The objective is to mainstream risk reduction into the design and implementation of the LEDP, particularly focusing on the livelihoods and civil works/access components. The report is prepared by Environmental Resources Management (ERM) and is based on a comprehensive assessment of natural hazards in Nias and their implications for development.

2. Mainstreaming DRM

2.1 Why Mainstream DRM?

• The World Bank recognizes that poor development planning can turn natural hazards into disasters.
• DRM should be integrated into development planning to ensure that projects do not inadvertently increase risk.
• Vulnerability and resilience are key dimensions of poverty and must be addressed through targeted interventions.
• Mainstreaming DRM has three goals:
  • Reduce existing risks to mitigate future disaster impacts.
  • Ensure development does not drive risk.
  • Promote the sustainability of projects and protect investments.

2.2 How to Mainstream DRM?

• Project cycle management and logical/Results-Based Frameworks should be used to identify risks during project design.
• Environmental assessments are critical to avoid increasing exposure to risks.
• Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis (VCA) should be integrated to assess people's ability to cope with risks and the impact of interventions.
• Construction design, building standards, and site selection must be hazard-proof to ensure infrastructure resilience.
• Monitoring and evaluation of DRM initiatives should include indicators and periodic reviews to track progress and effectiveness.

3. Framework for LEDP DRM

The DRM framework is divided into two main parts: assessment and risk reduction measures. The following natural hazards are considered most relevant to Nias and the LEDP:

• Earthquakes
• Tsunamis
• Flooding
• Landslides
• Fires
• Pests/Plant Diseases
• Tropical Cyclones

The report emphasizes the need to integrate DRM into all project components, with a special focus on physical access improvements such as roads and bridges, which are vulnerable to natural hazards.

Key Factors Considered in DRM Assessment:

4. Component-Level Assessment and Risk Reduction

The LEDP includes the following components:

• Component 1: Community Empowerment
  Focuses on training and support for community groups, including farmer and women's groups.

  • Includes sanitation and hygiene promotion, water supply improvements, and capacity building for local government staff.

• Component 2: Agricultural Livelihoods Improvement
  Aims to increase productivity and market prices for rubber, cacao, rice, and livestock.

  • Provides grants to farmer groups for improvement activities.
  • Offers high-yield rice varieties and fertilizer inputs to 15,000 farmers.
  • Includes postharvesting equipment such as threshers and tractors.

• Component 3: Management, Monitoring, and Evaluation
  Develops capacity for project implementation, including:

  • Program management support
  • Technical consultants at provincial, district, and village levels
  • Anti-corruption measures
  • Quality assurance and procurement oversight

• Off-budget Component: Rural Access and Capacity Building Program
  Focuses on improving rural access and building local capacity:

  • Strategic rural access improvements (road and path upgrades, stream crossings, small bridges)
  • Technical support for quality assurance, engineering design, and construction supervision
  • Labour-intensive construction management
  • Community-based disaster preparedness planning

5. Next Steps

• Develop clear guidelines for road and bridge construction to ensure disaster resilience.
• Include training and skills development for local builders and project staff.
• Integrate VCA into the LEDP to better understand and address community vulnerability.
• Establish a hazard information sharing platform to support DRM across all components and related projects.
• Ensure DRM is included in annual World Bank monitoring and evaluation of the LEDP.

6. References

• World Bank: http://web.worldbank.org
• Provention Consortium: http://www.proventionconsortium.org
• GFDRR: http://gfdrr.org

7. Conclusion

The DRM strategy for the Nias LEDP aims to reduce disaster vulnerability, mainstream risk reduction into development activities, and ensure project sustainability. By integrating DRM into each component of the program, especially the agricultural and infrastructure development components, the LEDP can better protect the livelihoods of the local population and support long-term recovery and resilience in the face of natural hazards.