印度发布《2021印度卫星导航政策》-22页_13mb

Indian Satellite Navigation Policy - 2021 (SATNAV Policy - 2021) Summary

Core Content

The Indian Satellite Navigation Policy - 2021 (SATNAV Policy - 2021) is a draft policy aimed at promoting self-reliance in satellite-based navigation and augmentation services. It emphasizes the importance of ensuring availability and quality of these services, enhancing their usage, and fostering research and development (R&D) in the field. The policy outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Department of Space (DOS) and other stakeholders in maintaining and evolving the Indian satellite navigation infrastructure.

Main Objectives

The policy is structured around eight key objectives:

1. Ensure availability of free-to-air and secured navigation signals for civilian and strategic users.
2. Guarantee continuous availability of Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) for aviation safety.
3. Judicious dissemination of Signal-In-Space (SIS) interface definitions and system performance reports.
4. Progressive evolution of navigation signals and expansion of coverage for broader usage.
5. Focus on technology development to enhance the navigation satellite systems.
6. Promote compatibility and interoperability with global and regional GNSS/SBAS systems.
7. Encourage Indian industry and academia to engage in R&D activities for satellite navigation-based applications with societal benefits.
8. Facilitate global usage of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation systems.

Key Components of the Policy

Satellite Based Navigation System (NavIC)

• NavIC is a regional navigation satellite system developed by India, providing Position, Velocity, and Time (PVT) services.
• It operates in geosynchronous orbit and consists of seven satellites, scalable for enhanced coverage.
• The system is fully under the control of the Government of India.
• The Space Segment includes satellites and is managed by ISRO/DOS.
• The Ground Segment includes monitoring stations, control centers, and data communication networks, ensuring 24x7 operation with redundancies.
• The Radio Frequencies used for broadcasting are registered with the ITU.

Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) - GAGAN

• GAGAN is a space-based augmentation system for aviation safety, developed by ISRO/DOS and the Airport Authority of India (AAI).
• It provides integrity and correction information to enhance the accuracy of GPS signals.
• GAGAN operates from three geostationary satellites, and its space segment includes a payload for augmentation.
• The ground segment includes reference stations, master control stations, and data communication networks.
• GAGAN is certified for safety-of-life applications and is being expanded for non-aviation applications.

Signal-In-Space (SIS) Interface Definition

• Free-to-air navigation signals and their SIS interface definitions are made available in the public domain to support civil applications.
• Performance reports and operational advisories are periodically released.
• Secured signals are protected through controlled dissemination to maintain confidentiality during development and operation.

Technology Development

• ISRO/DOS is committed to indigenous development and reducing reliance on foreign imports.
• Emerging technologies such as highly stable clocks, AI, machine learning, inter-satellite links, quantum communication, etc., are to be harnessed for system enhancement.

Compatibility and Interoperability

• The policy emphasizes the need for compatibility with global GNSS and interoperability with other SBAS systems.
• Coordination with ITU and participation in international and bilateral forums is encouraged to safeguard and promote Indian navigation systems.

Role of Indian Industry and Academia

• Mechanisms are to be put in place to promote participation of industry, academia, and state bodies in developing an ecosystem based on Indian satellite navigation.
• Outreach events, hackathons, and training programs are to be organized to raise awareness and foster innovation.
• Specialization courses on satellite navigation are to be introduced in academic institutions to build indigenous expertise.

Global Utilization

• Efforts are to be made to develop global standards for Indian navigation systems in collaboration with national and international SDOs.
• Certification and recognition by international organizations like IMO, ICAO are to be pursued to expand the use of NavIC and GAGAN globally.

Implementation and Consultation

• The Department of Space is the administrative body responsible for issuing norms, guidelines, and procedures for the use of Indian satellite navigation systems.
• The draft policy is open for public consultation until August 29, 2021, with feedback to be sent to dirprojects@isro.gov.in.
• The policy will be implemented upon approval by the Cabinet.

Conclusion

The SATNAV Policy - 2021 is a strategic initiative by the Government of India to enhance self-reliance in satellite navigation and augmentation services. It aims to strengthen national infrastructure, promote R&D, and expand global usage of Indian systems like NavIC and GAGAN, in line with the Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) initiative.