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National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR) of Malaysia

Introduction

Malaysia's NEVR outlines a strategy to shift from a fossil fuel-based economy to a sustainable green economy by 2050. The country is recognized as a global leader in energy transition, with a carbon footprint primarily from the energy sector (78.5% of GHG emissions in 2019).

Key Objectives

• Achieve net-zero GHG emissions by 2050.
• Increase renewable energy share to 70% of the power mix by 2050.
• Reduce reliance on fossil fuels and transition to cleaner energy sources like hydrogen, bioenergy, and green mobility.

National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR)

Guiding Principles

1. Sustainability: Align national aspirations with sustainable development.
2. Just and Inclusive Transition: Ensure benefits reach all segments of society.
3. Effective Governance: A whole-of-nation approach involving federal, state governments, industry, and the public.
4. Green Job Creation: Enhance opportunities for SMEs and workers in new green sectors.

RT Pathway 2050

• Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES): Natural gas (57%) will remain dominant, with renewables rising to 23%.
• GHG Emissions: 32% reduction from the 2019 baseline (4.3 MtCO2eq/capita).
• Investment Needs: RM1.2-1.3 trillion total by 2050.

Energy Transition Levers

1. Energy Efficiency (EE)

• Target: 22% energy savings by 2050 (up from 10% in the National Energy Policy).
• Initiatives: Building retrofits, ESCO platforms, green building codes.

2. Renewable Energy (RE)

• Target: 70% RE share in electricity generation by 2050.
• Pillars: Solar PV (59 GW by 2050), hydropower, and grid modernization.

3. Hydrogen

• Targets: 2.5 Mtpa green hydrogen by 2050, three hydrogen hubs by 2030.
• Initiatives: Sarawak Green Hydrogen Hub, co-firing with ammonia.

4. Bioenergy

• Target: 3.5 billion liters of biorefinery capacity by 2050.
• Focus: Palm oil biomass clustering, SAF certification.

5. Green Mobility

• Electrify transport: 80% EVs in light vehicles by 2050.
• Incentivize biodiesel blending (B30 by 2030).

6. Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS)

• Target: Three CCUS hubs by 2030, 40-80 Mtpa storage capacity by 2050.
• Challenges: High costs, lack of regulatory frameworks.

Flagship Projects

• Solar Parks: 100 MW capacity across 5 sites.
• Hybrid Hydro-Floating Solar: 2500 MW at hydro reservoirs.
• EV Charging Stations: 10,000 stations by 2025.
• Carbon Capture Projects: Kasawari & Lang Lebah oil fields.

Cross-Cutting Enablers

1. Financing & Investment

• RM25 billion for flagship projects by 2025.
• National Energy Transition Facility (NETF): Seed fund of RM2 billion.

2. Policy & Regulation

• Rationalize energy subsidies, launch Natural Gas Roadmap.

3. Human Capital

• Develop green skills taxonomy, implement reskilling programs.

4. Technology & Infrastructure

• Build energy knowledge hub, accelerate green tech adoption.

5. Governance

• Establish National Committee on Energy Transition (NCET).

Conclusion

The NETR is foundational to Malaysia's green growth, aiming to balance energy security, affordability, and environmental sustainability. Success requires whole-of-nation collaboration and innovative financing to meet net-zero targets by 2050.