2000-12-31-世界卫生组织-2001_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Lebanon_1页_39kb

Lebanese Youth Tobacco Use: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Fact Sheet Summary

Introduction and Methodology

The Lebanon GYTS was a school-based survey targeting 13-15-year-olds in intermediate and secondary schools, implemented between 2001 and 2001 (note: this timeframe seems repetitive, possibly an error). The two-stage cluster sampling design aimed to generate representative data for the entire country. After two rounds (one for intermediate and one for secondary), 4951 students participated with a high response rate.

Key survey details:

• First stage: Cluster sampling at the school level with probability proportional to enrollment size.
• Second stage: Random selection of classes, with eligible students invited to participate.
• Response rates: School (98.0%), class (98.0%), student (98.3%), overall (94.4%).

Tobacco Use Prevalence

• Ever smoked cigarettes: 27.3% (males: 33.3%, females: 22.8%).
• Current use of any tobacco product: 39.9% (males: 39.9%, females: 34.7%).
  • Cigarettes: 7.5% (males: 10.4%, females: 5.3%).
  • Other tobacco products: 38.6% (males: 45.0%, females: 33.9%).
• Over two-fifths of students use tobacco in some form, with males more likely to smoke cigarettes while females consume other types.

Key Determinants of Tobacco Use

1. Access and Availability:

   • 32.0% of students smoke in homes where others are present.
   • 67.1% are exposed to smoke outside their homes.
   • 77.3% live in households with other smokers.
   • Almost three-quarters think smoking should be banned in public places.
   • Availability: 91.1% of minors were allowed to purchase cigarettes without age refusal.

2. Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS):

   • 85.8% believe SHS is harmful.
   • High prevalence of SHS exposure among youth.

3. Media Advertising and Cessation:

   • 79.5% were exposed to anti-smoking media messages in the last 30 days.
   • 23.8% saw these messages.
   • 71.2% saw pro-tobacco ads in newspapers/magazines recently.
   • Among current smokers:
     • 49.6% want to quit.
     • 46.9% have attempted to stop within the past year.
     • 62.2% have received cessation help.

4. School Curriculum and Peer Influence:

   • 53.9% received smoking danger education.
   • 54.1% learned about tobacco effects in classes.
   • 35.3% discussed reasons for peer smoking.
   • 12.9% have most/all friends who smoke.

5. Attitudes and Knowledge:

   • 17.3% believe smokers have more friends.
   • 11.6% think smokers look more attractive.
   • A quarter feel ready to quit.

Initiation, Long-Term Risks, and Behavior Trends

• 15.5% of never-smokers are expected to start smoking in the next year.
• Youth media and experiences with access/availability are identified as key drivers.

Conclusion

The Lebanon GYTS reveals high rates of tobacco use among youth, with significant differences in gender, product use, and social determinants. Strong support exists both for banning smoking in public and implementing school-based interventions on tobacco harms and cessation. Private sector availability and media promotion are also concerns. Data inform policies for evidence-based tobacco control programs in Lebanon.