GSMA：2022年移动货币行业报告（EN）_114页_12mb

Summary of the State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2022

Core Content

The State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2022 highlights the rapid growth and transformation of the mobile money industry over the past decade. It outlines the key trends, challenges, and opportunities in the sector, emphasizing its role in financial inclusion and socio-economic development.

Main Points

• GSMA's Role: The GSMA is a global organization that unifies the mobile ecosystem to drive innovation and positive societal change. Its Mobile Money programme focuses on accelerating the development of mobile money for underserved populations.
• Industry Growth: Mobile money has evolved from a niche service to a mainstream financial tool, with 1.35 billion registered accounts globally in 2021, up from 134 million in 2012. The industry processed over $1 trillion in transactions annually, a significant milestone.
• Transaction Diversification: The range of use cases has expanded, with 20% of transactions now involving ecosystem services such as bill payments, bulk disbursements, merchant payments, and international remittances, up from less than 10% in 2012.
• Agent Networks: Agent networks have grown 10 times since 2012, with 5.6 million active agent outlets globally. Despite the pandemic, these networks saw an 18% increase in the value of transactions processed.
• Policy and Regulation: While mobile money has seen success, regulatory challenges such as transaction taxes, data localization, and poorly implemented instant payment systems remain. These can hinder sustainability and growth.
• Merchant Payments: The value of merchant payments grew nearly 100% year-on-year in 2021, reaching $66 billion annually, reflecting increased adoption by businesses.
• International Remittances: Mobile money enabled $16 billion in international remittances in 2021, with a 48% year-on-year increase. However, it still represents less than 3% of global remittances.
• Financial Resilience: Mobile money is increasingly used for savings, credit, and insurance, helping users build financial resilience. These services are crucial in times of crisis, such as the Covid-19 pandemic.
• Gender Gap: Women are less likely to own mobile money accounts than men, due to factors like lack of mobile ownership, awareness, and perceived relevance. Once they have accounts, their usage is almost equal to men's.
• Partnerships and Interoperability: Interoperability between banks and mobile money platforms has increased significantly, with 46% growth in cross-platform transactions in 2021. This shows the complementary relationship between the two sectors.

Key Information

• Global Adoption: The industry has grown from 71 countries in 2012 to 98 countries in 2021, with 316 live deployments.
• Regional Growth:
  • Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for over 50% of active accounts.
  • South Asia has seen significant growth, reaching 20% of active accounts in 2021.
  • MENA region had the fastest growth rate at 68%.
• Barriers to Adoption:
  • Preference for cash is the most common barrier.
  • Digital literacy, unreliable networks, and lack of access to electricity are also significant.
  • Lack of trust in agents and family disapproval are additional obstacles.
• Future Outlook:
  • The industry is expected to continue expanding, particularly in South Asia and Latin America.
  • Digital infrastructure, policy support, and financial literacy are critical to furthering inclusion and sustainability.
  • The GSMA Mobile Money Certification and Industry Services are essential for consumer protection and trust.
• Impact on Development:
  • Mobile money is being used to enable clean energy access, humanitarian aid, and agricultural credit.
  • These services are vital for economic resilience, especially for smallholder farmers and MSMEs.

Conclusion

The mobile money industry has made substantial progress in financial inclusion, economic empowerment, and socio-economic development. However, challenges such as the gender gap, regulatory hurdles, and digital literacy remain. Continued investment, collaboration, and innovation are necessary to ensure that mobile money becomes a universal tool for financial resilience and inclusive growth.