联合国西亚经济社会委员会-气候金融流向阿拉伯地区的食品系统（英）-2025_16页_2mb

Climate Finance for Food Systems in the Arab Region

Key Messages

• Food systems in the Arab region are highly vulnerable to climate change, yet they contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions.
• Global climate finance reached $130.5 billion in 2022, but food systems in the Arab region received only $10.2 billion, with $2.1 billion directed specifically toward food systems.
• Despite a 2022 increase, this remains insufficient to address the urgent needs of the Arab region's food systems.
• The Arab region prioritizes adaptation over mitigation in climate finance for food systems, receiving $6.7 billion for all climate finance purposes in 2022, with $1.4 billion for food systems.
• Countries like Morocco and Tunisia received the majority of financing, while low-income and conflict-affected nations received less than 10% of the average allocation.

Global Context

• $130.5 billion was provided in 2022, meeting the $100 billion commitment, largely in debt form (59%) with grants making up 41%.
• Climate finance for adaptation (50%) exceeds mitigation (33%) globally, reflecting a shift toward resilience.

Arab Region Trends (2013–2022)

• Total climate finance to the Arab region: $43 billion.
• Food systems received $5.2 billion (18%) despite being highly vulnerable.
• Adaptation received 68% of climate finance, mitigation 15%, and cross-cutting 17%.
• Morocco received 38.4% ($2 billion) of all regional food system finance, followed by Tunisia and the Syrian Arab Republic.

Country Disparities

• Low-income and least developed countries: Received $1.25 billion.
• Conflict-affected countries: Received approximately $0.9 billion despite urgent needs.
• Libya received the highest share of climate finance for food systems relative to total received ($50%), followed by the Syrian Arab Republic and the State of Palestine ($>30%).

Financing Sources and Instruments

• Multilateral development banks provided the largest share (48%) of climate finance to food systems.
• Debt (both concessional and non-concessional) accounted for 79% of financing, with grants at 41%.

Policy Recommendations

• Develop national financing strategies for food systems.
• Integrate food system pathways into national climate policies.
• Enhance engagement with the private sector and improve accountability.
• Build capacity for project development and strengthen data accessibility.

Conclusion

International climate finance for food systems in the Arab region remains insufficient relative to needs. Urgent action is required to mobilize additional resources to support transformation.