2022-10-30-世界卫生组织-Antimicrobial_resistance_TrACSS_Saudi_Arabia_2022_country_profile_10页_308kb

报告摘要

Saudi Arabia TrACSS 2022 Country Report Summary

Background on AMR

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, contributing to approximately 5 million deaths in 2019.
Countries committed to combating AMR through the Global Action Plan on AMR (GAP-AMR) and submitted to international platforms like WHO, FAO, and OIE.
The Tracking AMR Country Self-Assessment Survey (TrACSS) monitors progress on national action plans (NAPs).

Overview of Saudi Arabia

Sixth TrACSS iteration (2022) achieved a high participation rate (86%, 166/194 countries).
Progress on implementing NAPs has been inconsistent across sectors.
Challenges include limited financial & human resources, inconsistent political commitment, and weak infrastructure needed for effective AMR response.

TrACSS Indicators (2022)

Sectors Involved: Human Health, Terrestrial Animal Health, Aquatic Animal Health, Plant Health, Food Production, Food Safety, Environment.

Human Health Key Points

Moderate progress evidenced (ratings C-D over time).
Key Areas: Surveillance systems developed, testing capabilities strengthened, but gaps exist in consumption monitoring and AMR education.
Suggestions: Strengthen labs, monitoring programs, training focusing on preventing infections and AMR awareness.

Animal Health Key Points

Shallow progress noted (primarily B-C ratings).
Key Issue: Limited veterinary curriculum integration with AMR; surveillance needs strengthening for terrestrial and aquatic animals.

Food and Agriculture Key Points

Progress is moderate (C-D ratings).
Needed: Awareness training for farmers, better biosecurity, prudent use of agrochemicals, and data sharing through HA/HTA initiatives.

Environmental Key Points

Majority of environmental indicators rated "Not Done" (N) due to lack of risk assessments, regulations, and monitoring systems.
AMR risk from agricultural runoff and wastewater is highlighted.

National Capacity Compared to Global Average (Distance Visualization)

While generally closer than average compared to some sectors, gaps remain notably in: AMR surveillance in animal health (specifically aquatic), biosecurity practices, awareness campaigns for terrestrial animal/food production.
Development of NAPs/legislation is done but not systematically monitoring AMU/AMR data for policy updates.

Key Messages for Policymakers (Conclusions)

Strengthen National AMR Strategy: Prioritize NAP costs, monitoring, and operational planning.
Enhance Multi-Sector Coordination: Build leadership capacity, clear roles, adequate funding, address inconsistent commitment.
Improve Data Quality & Use: Strengthen AMR surveillance and consumption monitoring, then use data effectively for informed decision-making and policy/m legislation refinement (particularly for vet/sale). Work towards integrating systems like FAO's ELMs.
Expand Awareness & Education: Scale up public awareness campaigns promoting AMR science and responsible use.

The overall implications stress the urgency for increasing implementation focus, strengthening the enabling environment (legislation, resources, data), and broadening AMR awareness across all relevant societal sectors.

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