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Summary of "Renewable Energy in the Arab Region" (IRENA, 2016)

Core Content

This document provides an overview of the renewable energy developments in the Arab region, focusing on the progress made since 2014, the role of international organizations, and the national and regional strategies aimed at promoting sustainable energy. It highlights the growing commitment of Arab countries to renewable energy sources, particularly solar and wind, and outlines the policies, targets, and projects that are driving this transition.

Main Points

• IRENA, LAS, and RCREEE are key players in promoting renewable energy in the Arab region, with IRENA leading the publication and RCREEE providing technical support.
• Renewable Energy Potential: The Arab region has high potential for renewable energy, especially solar and wind, due to its geographical location and natural resources. Most Arab countries are part of the SunBelt, which has high solar irradiation levels.
• Installed Capacity Growth: Between 2012 and 2015, the total installed renewable energy capacity in the region increased by 150%, reaching around 3.0 GW (excluding hydropower) in 2015.
• Renewable Energy Share: In 2015, renewable energy accounted for 6% of the total power generation capacity in the Arab region, with hydropower being the largest contributor at 4.7%.
• Key Countries: Morocco leads in installed renewable capacity (excluding hydropower), with over 790 MW of wind and 15 MW of PV in 2016. Egypt and the UAE also have significant solar and wind projects.
• Renewable Targets: Most Arab countries have set national renewable energy targets, with some aiming for 52% of electricity generation from renewables by 2030. Djibouti has set an ambitious target of 100% renewable power by 2025.
• National Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs): Many Arab countries have developed NREAPs to guide their transition to renewable energy. These plans aim to increase the share of renewables in electricity, heating, cooling, transportation, and rural electrification.
• Renewables Readiness Assessment (RRA): The RRA is used to evaluate the readiness of Arab countries to adopt renewable energy technologies and to identify areas for improvement.
• Policy Support: Governments are creating enabling conditions such as feed-in tariffs, auctions, and net metering to attract private investment in renewable energy projects.
• Future Outlook: The region is expected to see significant growth in renewable energy capacity, with over 3,000 MW of new projects under construction or in the pipeline. The focus is shifting towards solar and wind, but other technologies such as geothermal and waste-to-energy are also gaining attention.

Key Information

• Wind and Solar Atlases: Several Arab countries have developed wind and solar atlases to identify high-potential areas for renewable energy projects. These include Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, and the UAE.
• Projects in Construction: Major projects such as the Noor II and Noor III solar parks in Morocco, the Dubai MBR Solar Park Phase 2, and the Abu Dhabi Solar Park are under development or planned.
• Policy Instruments: Feed-in tariffs, auctions, and net metering are being used to support renewable energy investments. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are also being encouraged.
• Regional Collaboration: The Arab Renewable Energy Framework (AREF) is a key initiative that supports the development of national renewable energy action plans (NREAPs) and aims to align policies across the region.
• Sustainability Goals: Arab countries are increasingly focusing on sustainability, with many setting targets under the Paris Agreement and aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through renewable energy adoption.

Conclusion

The Arab region is making significant strides in the transition to renewable energy, driven by both national and regional initiatives. With the support of IRENA, LAS, and RCREEE, countries are setting ambitious targets, developing renewable energy infrastructure, and creating enabling conditions for investment. Despite challenges, the region is well-positioned to become a leader in the global energy transition, particularly in solar and wind energy.