世界银行-建筑规范消防安全检查表（英）-2023.9-104页_3mb

Building Code Checklist for Fire Safety: Summary

The Building Code Checklist for Fire Safety is a comprehensive tool developed by the World Bank's Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) to assist in reviewing fire safety provisions in building codes. It aims to reduce fire-related risks and promote resilient built environments through enhanced regulatory frameworks and implementation capacities. The document addresses growing urbanization, population growth, and climate change, which exacerbate fire hazards in new and aging buildings.

Key Objectives and Scope

• Supports countries in assessing the comprehensiveness of their fire safety regulations.
• Provides a systematic approach to evaluating fire prevention, resistance to fire/spread, occupant safety, fire suppression, service access, and inspection/test/maintenance components.
• Highlights global fire statistics, emphasizing the need for robust building codes to mitigate losses in both formal and informal settlements.

Fundamental Fire Safety Components

The checklist covers six core components:

1. Fire Prevention: Controls on electrical, fuel, hazardous materials, smoking, and construction practices.
2. Resistance to Fire/Fire Spread: Fire resistance of structural elements, flame spread limitations, smoke control, and compartmentation.
3. Occupant Safety, Refuge, and Egress: Fire detection, alarms, evacuation routes, refuge areas, and accessibility.
4. Fire Suppression: Water supply, manual and automatic suppression systems.
5. Fire Service Access and Facilities: Apparatus access, stair access, firefighter lifts, and communication centers.
6. Inspection, Test, Maintenance, and Training: Routine checks, emergency plans, and operator training.

Guidance for Use

The document offers step-by-step guidance for conducting systematic reviews of fire safety provisions, including understanding the regulatory framework, identifying relevant regulations, and assessing adequacy based on predefined diagnostics. It emphasizes the importance of contextual factors, such as regulatory capacity and market conditions, to ensure effective implementation.

Additional Considerations

• Coordination with related regulations (e.g., electricity, water, land use), testing standards, product certification, and wildland fire mitigation.
• A primer on fire safety concepts provides context for reviewing regulatory provisions, addressing global best practices and regional variations.