2024-03-28-埃森哲-2023年云投资报告_17页_14mb

Overview

This report, "2023 Capitals in the Cloud Volume 2: Changing the Cloud Conversation," examines the evolution of cloud adoption in U.S. state governments. Based on surveys and interviews with state CIOs, it highlights key trends, challenges, and strategies for leveraging cloud technologies to drive modernization and efficiency.

Cloud Adoption Trends

• States are accelerating cloud adoption, with an average target of 71% of system catalogs migrated to the cloud. Hybrid and multi-cloud environments are now standard, and there's been a notable increase in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Mainframe as a Service (MFaaS) investments.
• Usage of Software as a Service (SaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) remained relatively stable, though other aas services saw growth.

Key Benefits and Necessity

• Cloud is viewed as a critical enabler for modern government operations, offering scalability, resilience, and enhanced security. It allows agencies to scale efficiently during demand spikes, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Financially, the shift to operational expenditures (OpEx) models in billing provides better cost management and aligns with flexible budgeting approaches.

Challenges

• Workforce shortages and skills gaps are major barriers, particularly in areas like cybersecurity, operations management, and vendor expertise. States are addressing this through programs like apprenticeships and partnerships with educational institutions.
• Legacy systems and procurement complexity remain persistent issues, hindering smoother cloud transitions. Security risks require ongoing assessment, but states are improving through standardized certifications like StateRAMP.

Talent Development and Solutions

• States are implementing innovative talent strategies, such as apprenticeships (e.g., Ohio and Texas programs), to upskill staff and retain IT professionals. These efforts focus on bridging the skills gap for cloud-native services and cloud-based generative AI.
• Leadership from state CIOs emphasizes the need for clear communication and education on cloud benefits to overcome resistance from traditional capital-based systems.

Security and Governance

• Security is a top priority, with increased adoption of cloud certifications. StateRAMP saw a 19% rise in usage since 2021, while FedRAMP declined slightly, reflecting a growing emphasis on standardized evaluations.

Financial Management

• Cloud billing practices shifted toward metered and OpEx models, giving states better cost visibility. Most states now use usage-based billing, down from reserved instances, allowing for greater cost optimization.

Future Innovations

• Generative AI is emerging as a key innovation, integrated with cloud services to improve government efficiency and modernization. States are establishing task forces and centers of excellence to explore AI applications.

Recommendations for CIOs

• Develop messaging that positions cloud as a means to broader goals, enhance talent training programs, master cloud economics through financial tools, and prepare for AI and other technologies.
• Use cloud maturity assessments to measure progress and continuously optimize cloud implementations.

Conclusion

Cloud adoption is transforming state government operations, driven by necessity and innovation. By addressing challenges and prioritizing future trends, states can fully leverage cloud to achieve modern governance.