2024-12-26-世界卫生组织-Road_safety_Estonia_2013_country_profile_1页_75kb

Estonia Road Safety Summary

Basic Facts

• Population: 1,341,140
• Income Group: High
• GNI per Capita: $14,180

Institutional and Legislative Framework

• Traffic Safety Department
• Demerit points system
• National speed limits (up to 50 km/h on urban roads)
• National road safety strategy with 40% fatality reduction targets (aimed 2003-2015)
• National drink-driving law with BAC limits of 0.02g/dl for all drivers
• Random breath testing and police checkpoints
• Local authorities can set lower speed limits
• Funded partially by national budget
• Laws prohibit hand-held and hands-free mobile phone use while driving

Enforcement and Policies

• Enforcement levels rated as 0-10, with moderate distribution
• Policies to protect vulnerable road users (VRUs), including separating road users
• Policies promoting walking, cycling, and public transport use
• Seat belt law applicable to front and rear seat occupants, with high compliance
• Motorcycle helmet law mandatory
• Emergency medical training provided for doctors and nurses
• Emergency access number: 112

Vehicle and Infrastructure Standards

• Seat belt requirements for all new and imported cars
• National laws on child restraints and vehicle standards harmonized with UN guidelines (2010)
• Heavy trucks and buses have specific regulations
• New cars not covered by US Car Assessment Programme
• Regular inspections of road infrastructure
• Vehicle crash ratings data available

Data and Outcomes

• Road traffic fatalities in 2010: 78 (often within 30 days of crash)
• 15% of fatalities related to alcohol
• Vulnerable road users account for 17% pedestrian deaths and 12% cyclist deaths
• Traffic-related deaths: Drivers/vehicles dominant in 2001-2010, showing a downward trend
• Seat belt usage: 95% front seats, 73% rear seats