2005-05-22-皮尤-The_Gender_Gap_32页_257kb

The Gender Gap in News Sources (PEJ Study)

Key Findings

Despite increasing female participation in the workforce and education, news coverage remains heavily male-dominated:

• Men were cited as sources more than twice as often as women (76% of stories included male sources vs. 33% included female sources).
• Across all media (print, broadcast, online), male sources represented ~89% of identified sources.

Variations Across Media Types

1. Newspapers

   • Cited female sources in 41% of stories
   • Sports front pages had the lowest female representation (14%)

2. Broadcast Evening News

   • Female sources in 27% of stories
   • Cable news had the lowest (19%)

3. PBS NewsHour

   • Only 17% of stories included female sources
   • PBS tied for lowest female source representation with MSNBC

4. Cable News

   • Female sources in 19% of stories
   • Highest male-to-female source gap (3:1 ratio)

5. Online News

   • Female sources in 36% of stories
   • Most balanced source representation compared to other formats

Source Transparency

• Newspapers reported more female sources ("all media," p. 29)
• Cable news reported the fewest (19%)

Topic Representation

• Lifestyle stories had the highest female source representation
• Foreign affairs and military had the lowest
• Campaigns/Elections stories had the second-lowest female representation (33.7%)

Methodology Notes

• Study analyzed 16,800 stories across various media sources
• Sources were identified by appearance, name, or explicit identification