2025-04-13-世界银行-世界银行集团在索马里2013-23财政年度_国家方案评估（英）_146页_7mb

World Bank Group Country Program Evaluation for Somalia: 2013–2023

Background and Context

Somalia remains one of the poorest and most fragile countries, facing severe development constraints including conflict, extreme poverty, weak governance, and limited institutional capacity. The 10-year program evaluation (2013–2023) assesses the World Bank Group's support to Somalia against three key questions: (i) adaptation to evolving challenges; (ii) contribution to building state capacity; and (iii) appropriateness of engagement modalities.

Evolution of Bank Group Strategies and Performance

The Bank Group's strategies evolved from an Interim Strategy Note (2014–16) to a Country Partnership Framework (2019–23). Key achievements include:

• $2.54 billion financing through 53 operations
• Significant increase in lending after debt relief and IDA normalization
• Strong focus on public financial management (PFM) and institutional capacity building
• Mixed performance on statebuilding objectives

Statebuilding Contributions

The Bank contributed significantly to statebuilding by:

• Strengthening PFM systems, revenue mobilization, and intergovernmental relations
• Facilitating fiscal federalism discussions between federal and state governments
• Promoting anticorruption and legal reforms
• Contributions were most effective in PFM but limited in private sector development

Service Delivery Outcomes

The Bank supported service delivery through:

• Water and rural resilience projects reaching over 1.6 million beneficiaries
• Urban resilience programs improving infrastructure in targeted cities
• Safety net program (Baxnaano) delivering unconditional cash transfers
• Most service delivery objectives were achieved, but sustainability concerns persist

Adaptations to Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Environment

Key adaptations included:

• Phased approach to programming given capacity constraints
• Hybrid implementation models using UN/NGO partners
• Flexibility in operational policies (e.g., OP 7.30 application)
• Strong reliance on Multi-Partner Fund for coordination and financing

Conclusions and Lessons

The evaluation identified four key lessons:

1. Selectivity in statebuilding support (focus on essential state functions)
2. Calibrating lending growth with client capacity
3. Strategically engaging different government entities
4. Maintaining partnerships for reform anchoring

The evaluation underscores the need for continued adaptation, selectivity, and coordination as the Bank Group supports Somalia's ongoing statebuilding and development efforts.