世界银行-佛得角2025年春季经济更新_释放女性的经济潜力（英）-2025_59页_4mb

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Cabo Verde Economic Update: Unlocking Women's Economic Potential Summary

This document summarizes key aspects of the Cabo Verde Economic Update 2025 from the World Bank, focusing on the country's economic performance and recommendations for enhancing women's economic participation.

I. Economic Context

Economic growth accelerated to 7.3% in 2024, driven by strong tourism (recovered after COVID-19) and improved agriculture funded by higher rainfall. Poverty declined to 14.4%, below 2019 levels.
Inflation reduced to 1.0% in 2024 due to lower global energy and food prices, aligning with Euro-area levels.
Public debt decreased to 110.2% of GDP, with external debt constituting 73.8% and domestic debt 36.4%. Fiscal deficits were mitigated through external financing, highlighting the role of concessional loans from institutions like the World Bank and IMF.
Tourism leads employment, with services contributing 70% to growth, followed by a shift in accommodation types (apart-hotels increased to 13% of stays in 2024).

II. Gender Disparities in the Labor Market

Women face high labor force participation gaps: 68.9% of women aged 24–59 are active vs. 82.3% for men. This is higher in tourist islands (Sal, Boa Vista) but still lower overall.
The gender wage gap (13.9–14.4%) persists, with women having fewer years of experience despite similar education levels.
Women are concentrated in lower-quality jobs (services, education), with higher rates of part-time work (25%) compared to men (19%). In the tourism sector, they earn less despite similar qualifications.
Geographic constraints are severe: Only 50% of rural women participate in the labor force, compared to 1 in 4 urban women. The care burden on women (three times more unpaid work hours) significantly affects career trajectories.

III. Key Recommendations

1. Strengthen the Care System

Enhance coordination between social protection, education, and health sectors.
Expand access to affordable childcare services in high-population islands like Santiago, São Vicente, Sal, and Boa Vista.
Regulate daycare centers and integrate care into social policies.

2. Improve Women's Skills and Job Access

Increase women’s enrollment in STEM, tourism, and digital skills through scholarships and incentives.
Promote TVET opportunities, mentorship, and formalization to boost employability.
Support productive inclusion programs, market linkages, and financial access for women-led businesses.

3. Address Discrimination and Promote Flexibility

Enforce equal pay legislation for same jobs.
Promote flexible work arrangements (part-time, remote work) through legal and institutional reforms.
Raise awareness on gender-responsive hiring practices and establish grievance mechanisms.