世界银行-柬埔寨利用数字农业技术的生态系统评估（英）-2024-85页_3mb

Cambodia Digital Agriculture Ecosystem Assessment Summary

1. Introduction

   • Agriculture is a cornerstone of Cambodia's economy, contributing around 20.71% to GDP and employing over 70% of the workforce. However, challenges such as low productivity, climate vulnerability, and fragmented value chains persist.
   • Digital Agriculture Technologies (DAT) offer solutions to enhance efficiency, market access, and sustainability.

2. Digital Technology Landscape

   • ICT Infrastructure: Cambodia has made progress in mobile and internet connectivity (88% mobile Internet access by 2016). Mobile subscribers reached 8.86 million in 2021.
   • Key Stakeholders: Government agencies (MAFF, MPTC), development partners (ADB, IFAD), private sector (Agribuddy, AgriBee, Delishop), and NGOs (Angkor Salad) are actively involved.
   • Government Strategy: Three-phase digital transformation plan (2021-2025: Digital Foundation; 2026-2030: Digital Adoption; 2031-2040: Digital Transformation).

3. Ecosystem Assessment

   • Assessment across six dimensions (Entrepreneurship, Density, Finance, Human Capital, Infrastructure, Regulatory Environment) scored 2.90 average, with entrepreneurship and finance being the strongest and human capital the weakest.
   • Opportunities include high mobile penetration, new technologies (blockchain, IoT) and post-COVID digital acceleration.
   • Challenges: Low digital literacy, limited seed funding for startups, poor rural internet connectivity, weak value chain linkages, and insufficient value addition.

4. Key DAT Innovations

   • Digital Advisory: Angkor Salad provides customized crop advice; Chamkar connects farmers with markets.
   • Market Linkages: CAMAgri Market and Tonlesap App facilitate e-commerce and digital payments.
   • Smart Farming: IoT-based irrigation systems (Smart Farm Assistance), drones for spraying, and GPS for crop mapping.
   • Financial Services: Mobile banking (ACLEDA Toanchet), credit scoring, and crowdfunding platforms.

5. Recommendations

   • Government: Strengthen regulatory frameworks, improve digital infrastructure, develop digital literacy programs, and create an agriculture e-commerce framework.
   • Private Sector/investors: Invest in incubators, R&D, and scalable DAT solutions such as climate-smart technologies, market linkages, and e-extension services.
   • Agriculture Input Suppliers: Enhance digital skills and adopt digital payment systems to improve efficiency.

Cambodia faces significant hurdles but possesses immense potential for agricultural transformation through DAT. Strategic investment and policy support from all stakeholders are crucial to unlock this potential.