IRENA-能源转型的低成本融资（英）-2023.5-116页_6mb

报告摘要

Low-Cost Finance for the Energy Transition Summary

This report by IRENA examines the critical role of low-cost capital in advancing the global energy transition. It highlights achievements, investment needs, and financial mechanisms required for scaling renewable technologies.

Key Highlights

Renewable energy costs have plummeted: Solar PV costs dropped 88% (2010-2021) and onshore wind fell 68%, making them cost-competitive in most markets.
Achieving a 1.5°C pathway requires US$130 trillion in investments (2020-2050), averaging US$4.4T/year, with renewables dominating electricity generation.
Country risk premiums drive financing cost disparities between markets, with innovations like blended finance helping bridge gaps.
Emerging technologies (offshore wind, green hydrogen, storage) need policy frameworks and de-risking measures to accelerate deployment and reduce costs.

Recommendations

Governments must balance enabling innovation across four dimensions (enabling tech, business models, market design, system operation) to deploy critical technologies.
Leverage blended finance to reduce risks in developing markets, combining concessional capital with private investment.
Harmonize hydrogen certification systems internationally to foster trade and investment.
Strengthen public-private partnerships to mobilize the massive financing needed for the energy transition.

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