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Summary of Renewable Energy Prospects for the European Union

Core Content

The Renewable Energy Prospects for the European Union (REmap EU) report outlines the potential for significantly increasing the share of renewable energy in the EU's energy mix by 2030. It highlights that the EU has made substantial progress in renewable energy deployment, nearly doubling its share from 9% in 2005 to 16.7% in 2015, and is on track to meet its 2020 target of 20%. The report emphasizes that with the right policies and frameworks, the EU can double the renewable share from 17% in 2015 to 34% in 2030, which would support long-term decarbonisation and align with the Paris Agreement goals.

Key Findings

• Renewable Share Increase: The EU could increase its renewable share from 17% in 2015 to 34% by 2030, surpassing the 27% target set for 2030.
• Cost-Effectiveness: The report identifies that many renewable technologies are already cost-effective and can be deployed without significant financial burden.
• Economic and Environmental Benefits: Accelerated deployment of renewables would result in net cost savings of USD 25 billion per year by 2030, and total savings between USD 52 billion and USD 133 billion when considering health and environmental benefits.
• Job Creation: The renewable sector currently employs around 1.2 million people in the EU, and this number could increase substantially with a higher renewable share.
• Sectoral Contributions:
  • Power Sector: Solar PV and wind power can be scaled up significantly, with the EU power system able to accommodate large shares of these technologies.
  • Transport: Electric vehicles and biofuels are essential to achieving decarbonisation goals.
  • Industry: Solar thermal and other renewable technologies can play a key role in reducing emissions.
  • Buildings: Heating and cooling solutions using renewables have substantial untapped potential.
• Biomass Role: Biomass will remain a key renewable energy source in the EU by 2030 and beyond.

Methodology and Scope

• REmap Approach: IRENA's REmap methodology is used to evaluate the potential for renewable energy deployment across all sectors and Member States.
• Collaboration: The study was conducted in close collaboration with the European Commission and national/international experts.
• Scope: It covers all EU Member States, including detailed analyses for 10 countries (accounting for 73% of EU energy use) and aggregated data for the remaining 18.
• Scenarios: The report compares a Reference Case (based on current and planned policies) with REmap Options (which represent more ambitious renewable deployment).

Investment and Economic Impact

• Investment Requirements: Reaching a 34% renewable share by 2030 would require an estimated USD 73 billion per year in average investment, with an additional USD 433 billion compared to the Reference Case.
• Macro-Economic Benefits: The multiplier effect of this investment could lead to significant macroeconomic benefits, with a multiplier effect estimated at 0.3% of EU GDP annually.
• Global Context: IRENA's analysis suggests that the multiplier effect in fossil-fuel importing regions like Europe could be even larger than the global average.

Policy and Recommendations

• Need for Policy Support: The report stresses the importance of enabling frameworks and ambitious policies to achieve the 34% target.
• Cross-Sector Synergies: It highlights the need for cross-sectoral integration and cooperation to enhance cost-effectiveness and environmental impact.
• Energy Efficiency: The report also notes that the 30% energy efficiency target proposed by the EU could further increase the renewable share to 34% if achieved.

Conclusion

The REmap EU study provides a roadmap for the EU to accelerate renewable energy deployment and meet long-term decarbonisation goals. It underscores the technical feasibility, economic benefits, and environmental impact of increasing renewable energy use. With the right policies and investments, the EU can achieve a 34% renewable share by 2030, contributing to climate resilience, energy security, and economic growth.