世界银行-从奋斗到机遇：巴西贫困劳动者的概况及其对经济包容性的影响（英）-2023-96页_2mb

From Struggle to Opportunity: The profile of Brazil’s working poor and implications for economic inclusion

This report examines Brazil’s working poor and vulnerable populations through comprehensive labor market diagnostics using survey and administrative data. It identifies key groups facing employment challenges and proposes strategies for economic inclusion based on their specific needs, using techniques like Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to segment the population.

The working poor majority engage in informal employment, with low earnings and job quality. Poor women encounter significant barriers due to unpaid care duties, while men often face limited job opportunities, especially in rural areas. Education plays a crucial role in employment outcomes, but skills and training programs are not effectively reaching the poor, contributing to their vulnerability.

Notable gaps include high job turnover, low social protection access, and disparities in labor intermediation. Administrative data, such as Cadastro Unico, lacks completeness, necessitating improvements for better policy targeting. The study underscores that active labor market programs alone are insufficient; interventions must address both individual employability and structural constraints.

Policy recommendations include enhancing data interoperability, accelerating the delivery of services like childcare, and promoting economic inclusion strategies that integrate multiple services. Tailored interventions for identified groups, such as improving access to training and credit, can support workforce participation and resilience for the working poor.

Brazil must prioritize institutional coordination to govern economic inclusion, combining federal oversight with territorial implementation, to foster inclusive economic growth and reduce poverty through targeted labor market policies.