2015年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2016___Mali_104页_2mb

Doing Business 2016: Mali Economy Profile Summary

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2016 report provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for small to medium-sized businesses in Mali and other comparator economies. It evaluates 11 key areas of business regulation, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report measures the ease of doing business through two main metrics: the Distance to Frontier (DTF) score and the ease of doing business ranking.

Key Indicators and Findings

Ease of Doing Business Ranking and DTF Score

• DB2016 Rank: 143
• DB2015 Rank: 142
• Change in Rank: -1
• DB2016 DTF Score: 50.81
• DB2015 DTF Score: 50.11
• Change in DTF Score: +0.7

Mali has slightly improved its ease of doing business ranking and DTF score compared to 2015, indicating minor progress in regulatory efficiency.

Starting a Business

• Rank: 172
• DTF Score: 66.05
• Procedures: 5
• Time (days): 8.5
• Cost (% of income per capita): 71.3

Mali ranks relatively low in starting a business, with a high cost and moderate time. The DTF score shows it is still far from the best practices seen in countries like New Zealand.

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 152
• DTF Score: 57.98
• Procedures: 13
• Time (days): 124
• Cost (% of warehouse value): 7.6
• Building Quality Control Index (0-15): 4.5

Mali has a moderate number of procedures and a high cost for construction permits. The building regulation quality is low compared to global benchmarks, such as Singapore.

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 151
• DTF Score: 48.95
• Procedures: 4
• Time (days): 120
• Cost (% of income per capita): 3,498.9
• Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff index (0-8): 0.0

Electricity access is a major challenge in Mali, with a high cost and poor reliability. The score for reliability and transparency is very low, indicating significant room for improvement.

Registering Property

• Rank: 140
• DTF Score: 50.08
• Procedures: 5
• Time (days): 29
• Cost (% of property value): 11.9
• Quality of land administration index (0-30): 8.0

Mali has a moderate number of procedures and time to register property, but the cost is relatively high. Land administration quality is low compared to countries like New Zealand.

Getting Credit

• Rank: 133
• DTF Score: 30
• Strength of legal rights index (0-12): 6.0
• Depth of credit information index (0-8): 0.0
• Credit registry coverage (% of adults): 0.1
• Credit bureau coverage (% of adults): 0.0

Mali has a very low DTF score for getting credit, indicating poor access to credit. The credit information system is underdeveloped, and coverage is minimal.

Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank: 166
• DTF Score: 35
• Strength of minority investor protection index (0-10): 3.5
• Extent of conflict of interest regulation index (0-10): 4.0
• Extent of shareholder governance index (0-10): 3.0

Mali performs poorly in protecting minority investors, with low scores on both the strength of legal rights and governance indices. It lags behind countries like Singapore.

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 149
• DTF Score: 60.16
• Payments (number per year): 35
• Time (hours per year): 270
• Total tax rate (% of profit): 48.3

Mali has a high number of tax payments and a relatively high tax rate. The DTF score shows it is far from the best tax practices, such as those in the United Arab Emirates.

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 82
• DTF Score: 73.98
• Time to export (border compliance, hours): 48
• Cost to export (border compliance, USD): 17
• Time to export (documentary compliance, hours): 48
• Cost to export (documentary compliance, USD): 33
• Time to import (border compliance, hours): 86
• Cost to import (border compliance, USD): 298
• Time to import (documentary compliance, hours): 77
• Cost to import (documentary compliance, USD): 375

Mali has a moderate ranking in trading across borders, but its DTF score is still below many regional and global benchmarks. The time and cost to import and export are relatively high.

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 149
• DTF Score: 45.58
• Time (days): 620
• Cost (% of claim): 52.0
• Quality of judicial processes index (0-18): 6.5

Mali has a high time and cost to enforce contracts. The judicial process quality is low, and the country is far from the best practices seen in Singapore.

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 100
• DTF Score: 40.35
• Recovery rate (cents on the dollar): 22.7
• Time (years): 3.6
• Cost (% of estate): 18.0
• Strength of insolvency framework index (0-16): 9.0

Mali has a moderate insolvency resolution ranking but a low DTF score. The recovery rate is relatively low, and the process is expensive.

Key Methodology Changes in 2016

• New Indicators Added: Building regulation quality, electricity price and reliability, and land administration quality.
• Removed Indicators: Number of procedures to enforce contracts.
• Updated Methodology: For trading across borders, the export and import products and partners are now based on comparative advantage and trade value, respectively.
• Excluded Labor Market Regulation: From the aggregate ease of doing business ranking and DTF score.

Conclusion

Mali's business environment is characterized by significant regulatory challenges across all evaluated areas. While the country has shown slight improvements in some indicators, it remains far behind many regional and global leaders in terms of efficiency and quality. The report emphasizes that the DTF score provides a more accurate reflection of progress than the ranking, as it measures absolute distance from best practices. Policymakers in Mali are encouraged to focus on improving regulatory frameworks in areas such as property registration, credit access, and judicial efficiency to enhance the ease of doing business.