2015年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2016___Romania_111页_2mb

Romania - Doing Business 2016 Summary

Core Content

Doing Business 2016 is a report that evaluates and measures the regulatory quality and efficiency of business environments across 189 economies. It focuses on 11 key areas of business regulation, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. Romania's performance in these areas is analyzed and compared with other economies in the region and globally.

Main Points

• Methodology: The report provides an aggregate ranking on the ease of doing business and a distance to frontier (DTF) score, which measures how close an economy is to the best regulatory practices. The DTF score ranges from 0 (worst performance) to 100 (frontier), and the ranking is based on these scores.
• Comparative Analysis: For each indicator, data is provided for Romania and selected comparator economies, including Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, and Slovakia. This allows for a regional and global benchmarking.
• Key Areas of Focus:
  • Starting a Business: Romania ranks 45th in 2016, with a DTF score of 91.94. It requires 5 procedures, takes 8 days, and costs 2% of income per capita.
  • Dealing with Construction Permits: Romania ranks 105th, with a DTF score of 67.19. It involves 15 procedures, takes 257 days, and costs 2.3% of warehouse value.
  • Getting Electricity: Romania ranks 133rd, with a DTF score of 56.44. It requires 8 procedures, takes 182 days, and costs 573.7% of income per capita.
  • Registering Property: Romania ranks 64th, with a DTF score of 69.19. It involves 8 procedures, takes 19 days, and costs 1.4% of property value.
  • Getting Credit: Romania ranks 7th, with a DTF score of 85. It has a strong legal rights index (10/12) and a depth of credit information index (7/8), but credit bureau coverage is only 50.1% of adults.
  • Protecting Minority Investors: Romania ranks 57th, with a DTF score of 58.33. The strength of minority investor protection is 5.8/10, and conflict of interest regulation is 6.0/10.
  • Paying Taxes: Romania ranks 55th, with a DTF score of 80.69. It involves 14 payments per year, taking 159 hours and a total tax rate of 42.0% of profit.
  • Trading Across Borders: Romania ranks 1st, with a DTF score of 100. It has zero time and cost for both export and import border compliance, and minimal documentary compliance time and cost.
  • Enforcing Contracts: Romania ranks 34th, with a DTF score of 69.23. It takes 512 days and costs 28.9% of the claim.
  • Resolving Insolvency: Romania ranks 46th, with a DTF score of 59.77. The recovery rate is 32.7 cents per dollar, and the process takes 3.3 years with a cost of 10.5% of the estate.

Key Information

• Ranking and DTF Changes: Romania's rank remained unchanged at 37, while its DTF score increased slightly from 73.59 to 73.78 in 2016.
• Regional Performance: Romania is generally ranked lower than most comparator economies in the region, with some exceptions such as in Trading Across Borders where it is the best performer.
• Global Best Performers: The best performers in each category include New Zealand for starting a business, Singapore for construction permits and enforcing contracts, Korea, Rep. for getting electricity, and Denmark for trading across borders.
• Methodology Updates: In 2016, the methodology was updated for several indicators, including the addition of quality and efficiency indices for construction permits, electricity, and judicial processes. These updates allow for more nuanced analysis of regulatory environments.
• Limitations: The report does not include data on labor market regulation in the aggregate ease of doing business ranking or DTF score, and it focuses on local limited liability companies in the largest business city.

Summary Table

Conclusion

Romania's business environment shows some improvements in certain areas, particularly in Trading Across Borders, where it ranks first globally. However, it lags behind in several other indicators, such as Getting Electricity and Registering Property, which are among the most challenging. The report highlights the importance of benchmarking and the need for continued regulatory reforms to enhance the ease of doing business and move closer to the frontier.