2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Venezuela_70页_1mb

Summary of "Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs"

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report is a World Bank Group flagship publication that evaluates and compares business regulations across 190 economies. It provides objective, quantifiable indicators to assess the regulatory environment for domestic small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and encourages reforms to improve the ease of doing business.

The report focuses on key areas such as starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, and resolving insolvency. It also measures aspects of labor market regulation.

Key Indicators and Metrics

The report uses the Distance to Frontier (DTF) measure, which reflects how close an economy is to the best performance observed across all economies in the sample since 2005. The DTF score ranges from 0 (lowest performance) to 100 (frontier). The Ease of Doing Business ranking is based on the DTF scores and ranges from 1 (best) to 190 (worst).

Main Points

• Comparative Analysis: The report compares the regulatory environment of each economy against others, providing a benchmark for reform.
• Methodology:
  • It uses standardized procedures, assuming a 100% domestically owned limited liability company.
  • It measures the number of procedures, time in calendar days, and cost as a percentage of income per capita.
  • It includes gender-specific procedures by comparing the process for a company owned by 5 married women versus 5 married men.
• Data Collection: The most recent data were collected in June 2017, and the methodology is detailed on the Doing Business website.

Economy Profile of Venezuela

• Region: Latin America & Caribbean
• Income Category: Upper middle income
• Population: 31,568,179
• GNI Per Capita: $9,258
• City Covered: Caracas
• Ease of Doing Business Rank: 190 (last in the sample)
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): 0 (lowest performance)

Starting a Business in Venezuela

Overview

• Procedures: 20 (for both men and women)
• Time: 230 days (for men) and 230 days (for women)
• Cost: 351.6% of income per capita (for both men and women)
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 0.0% of income per capita

Key Procedures

1. Reserve company name – 4 days, cost: VEF 150 + VEF 600
2. Obtain company name approval – 3 days, cost: no charge
3. Prepare and legalize company documents – 5 days, cost: VEF 200,000–225,000
4. Open a bank account – 1 day, cost: no charge
5. Register at the mercantile registry – 34 days, cost: 1% of capital + VEF 1800 + VEF 1500 + VEF 150 + VEF 30
6. Publish articles in a local newspaper – 3 days (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: VEF 4,000
7. Register company books – 1 day (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: VEF 950 per book + VEF 9 + 30 VEF per registration
8. Register at the Tax Authorities (SENIAT) – 1 day, cost: no charge
9. Obtain tax clearance certificate – 1 day, cost: VEF 60
10. Register at the Social Security Institute (IVSS) – 130 days, cost: no charge
11. Register at BANAVIH – 1 day (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: no charge
12. Register at the National Institute of Socialist Cooperation & Education – 1 day (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: no charge
13. Register with the Ministry of Labor – 1 day, cost: no charge
14. Labor inspection – 14 days, cost: VEF 30
15. Fire approval and inspection – 28 days (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: no charge
16. Conformity of use certificate (zoning permit) – 15 days (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: VEF 1500 + VEF 6
17. Obtain industrial or commercial license – 50 days (simultaneous with previous procedure), cost: VEF 3000 + VEF 6
18. Register at SUNDDE – 1 day, cost: no charge
19. Register at INPSASEL – 1 day, cost: no charge
20. Other registrations – 1 day, cost: no charge

Dealing with Construction Permits in Venezuela

Overview

• Procedures: 11
• Time: 434 days
• Cost: 1.8% of warehouse value
• Building Quality Control Index: 10.5 (out of 15)

Key Procedures

1. Request basic urban variables – 171 days, cost: VEF 5
2. Request soil test – 20 days, cost: USD 700
3. Obtain topographical map – 1 day, cost: no charge
4. Obtain architectural plan – 1 day, cost: no charge
5. Obtain construction permit – 1 day, cost: no charge
6. Obtain building inspection – 1 day, cost: no charge
7. Obtain final inspection – 1 day, cost: no charge
8. Obtain electricity connection – 1 day, cost: no charge
9. Obtain water connection – 1 day, cost: no charge
10. Obtain sewer connection – 1 day, cost: no charge
11. Register and sell the warehouse – 1 day, cost: no charge

Conclusion

The report highlights the challenges Venezuela faces in terms of business regulation. The country is ranked last in the ease of doing business, indicating a highly complex and inefficient regulatory environment. The high number of procedures, extended time requirements, and significant costs associated with starting a business and dealing with construction permits suggest a need for substantial regulatory reforms to improve the business climate and create jobs.