2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Iraq_66页_1mb

Summary of Doing Business 2018: Economy Profile of Iraq

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report by the World Bank Group evaluates business regulations across 190 economies, including Iraq, using standardized metrics to measure the ease of doing business. The report focuses on 11 key indicators that reflect the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). These indicators include procedures, time, and costs associated with starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation.

The report aims to provide an objective basis for understanding and improving the regulatory environment for business. It encourages reforms by offering measurable benchmarks and rankings, based on the Distance to Frontier (DTF) score, which represents how close an economy is to the best performance observed globally. The Ease of Doing Business ranking is determined by sorting the DTF scores, with a score of 100 representing the best performance.

Key Indicators and Performance in Iraq

Main Points

• Starting a Business:

  • Procedures: 8 for men, 9 for women.
  • Time: 26 days for men, 27 days for women.
  • Cost: 43.3% of income per capita.
  • Paid-in Minimum Capital: 18.5% of income per capita.
  • Key Procedures:
    • Obtain husband's approval to leave home (women only).
    • Reserve a unique company name at the Baghdad Chamber of Commerce and Federation of Chambers of Commerce.
    • Hire a lawyer to draft the articles of association.
    • Deposit initial capital at a commercial bank.
    • Apply for registration at the Companies Registry.
    • Obtain the registration certificate.
    • Make a company seal.
    • Register employees for social security.

• Dealing with Construction Permits:

  • Procedures: 11 procedures.
  • Time: 167 days.
  • Cost: 0.3% of warehouse value.
  • Building Quality Control Index: 5.5 (out of 15).
  • Key Procedures:
    • Obtain ownership certificate and site map.
    • Obtain property tax clearance.
    • Request planning permission and location clearance.
    • Receive site inspection.
    • Obtain project clearance from Water and Sewage Directorate.
    • Obtain project clearance from Civil Defense.
    • Receive random and final inspections.
    • Obtain water and sewage connection.

Key Information

• DTF Score: Iraq's DTF score for starting a business is 44.87, placing it at rank 168 out of 190.
• City Covered: Baghdad is the city used for data collection.
• Population: 37,202,572.
• GNI Per Capita (US$): 5,430.
• Income Category: Upper middle income.
• Region: Middle East & North Africa.
• Legal Form: Private Limited Liability Company.
• Warehouse Details:
  • Estimated value: IQD 270,690,213.00.
  • Total constructed area: 1,300.6 square meters.
  • Warehouse used for general storage.
• Regulatory Assumptions:
  • All procedures are assumed to be completed without bribes.
  • Information is readily available.
  • The business is 100% domestically owned.
  • No investment incentives or special benefits are assumed.
  • The company has five owners, none of whom is a legal entity.

Methodology Notes

• The report uses a standardized business model to ensure comparability across economies.
• Procedures that can be completed online are counted as 0.5 days.
• The DTF score is calculated as the average of the scores for each component indicator.
• For some economies, data is collected for the second largest business city, and the results are population-weighted averages.
• The report includes detailed subnational reports for selected cities, providing rankings and reform recommendations.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report highlights the regulatory challenges faced by businesses in Iraq, particularly in starting a business and dealing with construction permits. While the procedures and costs are relatively high compared to the best performers, the report serves as a valuable tool for policymakers and stakeholders to identify areas for reform and improve the business climate. The data collected is based on standardized assumptions and aims to provide an objective comparison of business regulation environments.