2016年-世界发展银行全球_Digital_Government_2020___Prospects_for_Russia_68页_1mb

Digital Government 2020: Prospects for Russia

Core Content

This report from the World Bank outlines the future direction of digital government and its implications for Russia. It provides an overview of global trends and best practices in digital government, emphasizing the shift from traditional e-government to a more comprehensive, data-driven, and user-centric approach. The report also evaluates the current state of e-government in Russia and offers strategic recommendations for advancing its digital transformation.

Main Viewpoints

• Digital Government is a transformative approach: It goes beyond e-government by making services fully digital, driven by data rather than documents. It aims to create seamless, efficient, and user-friendly digital experiences.
• Digital by Default: Governments should prioritize digital channels as the default mode of service delivery, while still providing support for those who cannot access digital services.
• User-Centered Design: Services must be designed with the end-user in mind, not just the administrative process. This includes personalization and understanding user needs through data and analytics.
• End-to-End Digitization: The transformation must include both front-office and back-office processes, ensuring that all stages of service delivery are digital and efficient.
• Government as a Platform: Governments should provide APIs and open data to enable third-party innovation and reduce administrative burdens. This approach encourages the use of shared resources and platforms for delivering public services.
• Interoperability and Integration: The success of digital government depends on the integration of systems across different government agencies and the creation of a unified digital infrastructure.
• Digital Inclusion: Addressing the digital divide is crucial, especially for less digitally connected citizens and regions. This includes improving access to digital services and ensuring that all citizens can benefit from the transformation.

Key Information

Global Trends in Digital Government

• Digital by Default: Leading governments are re-designing services to be delivered primarily through digital channels, with physical services acting as support rather than alternatives.
• Device-Agnostic and Mobile-Centric: Services are being designed for multiple devices, including smartphones, tablets, and wearables, with a focus on mobile-first experiences.
• User-Centered Service Design: This involves understanding user behavior, testing with real users, and designing services that meet actual needs rather than just administrative ones.
• End-to-End Digital Workflow: Services must be fully digitized, from request to processing, to improve efficiency and effectiveness.
• Government as a Platform: Governments are opening up their data and systems to third-party developers, fostering innovation and reducing costs.
• Open Data: Governments are increasingly sharing data to enhance transparency, enable innovation, and support public services.

Russia's Current State of E-Government (2015)

• Multi-Function Centers and Unified Portal: Russia has implemented key infrastructure such as Multi-Function Centers and a Unified Portal to provide digital services.
• National Databases: The country has established national databases, which are essential for creating a unified digital government system.
• E-Administration Systems: These systems are in place but often not fully integrated or interoperable.
• E-Government Infrastructure: There is a growing infrastructure, but challenges remain in terms of digital readiness and user experience.
• Open Data: While not yet fully developed, there are opportunities for Russia to improve open data initiatives.
• ICT Skills: Public servants and citizens are not yet equipped with the necessary digital skills to fully utilize digital services.
• Monitoring and Evaluation: There are ongoing efforts to monitor e-government development, but more robust frameworks are needed.

Recommendations for Russia

• Adopt a Revised Digital Government Strategy: By 2020, Russia should move towards adopting best international practices for digital government.
• Digital By Default Principle: Transform administrative processes to be primarily digital, reducing reliance on traditional channels.
• Build a New Digital Infrastructure: Develop a more integrated and efficient digital infrastructure to support digital government delivery.
• Focus on Digital Inclusion: Address the challenges of digital access for less connected citizens and regions.
• Improve User Experience: Design services with the user in mind, ensuring ease of use and accessibility.
• Enhance Interoperability: Improve the integration of systems across government agencies and ensure seamless data sharing.
• Develop Open Data Policies: Encourage the use of open data and APIs to foster innovation and reduce administrative burdens.
• Invest in Leadership and Skills: Strengthen leadership and develop the necessary skills within the public sector to support digital transformation.

Conclusion

The report emphasizes that digital government is not just about technology, but about rethinking the entire approach to public service delivery. For Russia, the path to becoming a digital government leader involves strategic investments, improved user experience, and a focus on digital inclusion. The World Bank is committed to supporting Russia in this transformation and looks forward to working with the government to achieve these goals.