2011年-IMF国际货币组织全球_Republic_of_Mozambique_Poverty_Reduction_Strategy_Paper_42页_984kb

Summary of the Republic of Mozambique Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PARP 2011-2014)

Core Content

The Poverty Reduction Action Plan (PARP) 2011-2014 is a medium-term strategy of the Government of Mozambique aimed at reducing poverty and promoting inclusive economic growth. It is aligned with the National Planning System and the vision of Agenda 2025, with the goal of achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). The plan is also consistent with the Medium-Term Fiscal Framework (CFMP), which outlines the budgetary support for its objectives.

The PARP 2011-2014 builds on the previous PARPA II (2006-2009), which was extended to 2010, and seeks to reduce the incidence of food poverty from 54.7 percent to 42 percent by 2014. It is a dynamic and flexible instrument, with the strategic matrix and targets subject to revision based on domestic and international conditions.

Main Objectives

The PARP outlines three main objectives:

1. Boost production and productivity in agriculture and fisheries

   • Agriculture and fisheries are vital for food security and income generation, especially for the rural population, which constitutes a large part of the country's workforce.
   • Focus is placed on increasing output through better access to production factors, technology, and quality inputs.
   • Emphasis is also on improving pest and disease control, water management, and sustainable resource use.

2. Promote employment

   • Formal employment remains limited, especially for women.
   • The private sector, particularly micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), is seen as a key driver of job creation.
   • The government aims to improve the business climate, enhance infrastructure, and provide better access to land and resources.

3. Foster human and social development

   • Education and health services are critical for improving the quality of life and labor productivity.
   • Social protection programs and community-based networks are essential for safeguarding the most vulnerable populations.
   • Efforts are also directed at addressing diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, which have a significant impact on labor productivity and poverty levels.

Support Pillars

The plan is supported by two key pillars:

• Good governance

  • Ensuring transparency, fairness, and accountability in public administration.
  • Strengthening the capacity of local government organs (OLEs) and municipal authorities.
  • Improving the efficiency of public services, including e-government (GovNet) and "one-stop service windows" (BAUs).
  • Enhancing the legal framework and judicial system to support economic activities and protect citizens' rights.

• Macroeconomic measures

  • Maintaining price stability, especially for food, which is a major component of poor households' expenditure.
  • Implementing policies to control inflation, which is projected to decrease from 12.7 percent in 2010 to single-digit levels by 2014.
  • Ensuring that fiscal and monetary policies support growth and poverty reduction, while maintaining macroeconomic stability.

Key Challenges

The PARP identifies several challenges that must be addressed to achieve its goals:

a) Agriculture and Fisheries

• Low productivity and output in family farming and fisheries.
• Limited access to markets and poor infrastructure for post-harvest handling.
• Need for better access to credit, insurance, and financial services for rural producers.
• Threats from natural disasters, climate shocks, and unsustainable resource use.

b) Employment and Private Sector

• Limited formal employment opportunities, especially for women.
• Need to improve the business climate, tax collection, and land access for MSMEs.
• Enhancing infrastructure (electricity, telecommunications, transportation) to reduce operating costs.
• Addressing the large influx of young people into the informal sector due to insufficient formal job opportunities.

c) Human and Social Development

• Persistent regional and gender disparities in access to education and health services.
• Inadequate coverage and quality of social protection programs.
• Rapid urbanization and the strain it places on infrastructure and services.
• Need to support vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, and those with disabilities or chronic diseases.

d) Governance

• Strengthening the legal framework and its enforcement.
• Improving the efficiency of public services, including judicial and administrative systems.
• Enhancing transparency and accountability in public procurement and governance.
• Decentralizing functions and resources to local levels to improve service delivery.

e) Macroeconomic Policy and Fiscal Management

• Managing inflation risks, particularly from international oil and food price fluctuations.
• Ensuring that public spending is effectively aligned with poverty reduction goals.
• Maintaining macroeconomic stability while promoting growth.

Resource Allocation and Monitoring

• The PARP includes a program budget with a defined "funding envelope" and strategic allocation of resources.
• Annual progress is monitored through the Balance Sheet for the Economic and Social Plan.
• Medium-term evaluation is carried out via the National Poverty and Well-Being Assessment and other surveys.
• The strategic matrix is finalized by the end of June 2011 and will be adjusted as needed based on changing conditions.

Conclusion

The PARP 2011-2014 is a comprehensive and integrated strategy that combines economic growth, employment promotion, and human and social development to reduce poverty. It emphasizes the need for coordination between different sectors and institutions, as well as the importance of good governance and macroeconomic stability in achieving its goals. The plan is designed to be flexible, responsive, and inclusive, with a focus on improving the well-being of the most vulnerable populations.