2012年-世界发展银行全球_The_Little_Data_Book_on_Information_and_Communication_Technology_2012_250页_2mb

Summary of The Little Data Book on Information and Communication Technology 2012

Core Content

The Little Data Book on Information and Communication Technology 2012 is a joint publication by the World Bank and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It provides a comprehensive overview of ICT sector development across 216 economies, using data from 2005 and 2010. The book is structured to highlight key indicators in the following areas:

• Economic and Social Context
• Sector Structure
• Efficiency and Capacity
• Sector Performance (including Access, Usage, Quality, Affordability, Trade, and Applications)

The data is presented in regional and income group tables, allowing for comparative analysis of ICT development across different parts of the world.

Main Views and Key Information

Economic and Social Context

• The global population increased from 6,504 million in 2005 to 6,895 million in 2010.
• Urban population growth was observed, with an increase from 49% to 51%.
• GNI per capita rose from $7,099 to $9,071, indicating economic development.
• GDP growth was slightly declining from 2.8% to 1.9% annually.
• Adult literacy rates improved from 82% to 84%.
• School enrollment rates also increased, though data was not available for some economies.

Sector Structure

• Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector structure includes indicators such as the presence of a separate regulator, status of fixed-line operators, level of competition, international gateways, mobile and internet services, and foreign ownership.
• VoIP regulations varied across economies, with some allowing it and others banning or having no framework.

Efficiency and Capacity

• Telecommunications revenue as a percentage of GDP declined slightly in some regions, from 3.1% to 2.7%.
• Telecommunications investment as a percentage of revenue varied, but generally showed a trend of reduction in most regions.

Sector Performance

Access

• Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 people increased in most regions, though some showed a decline.
• Mobile-cellular subscriptions per 100 people increased significantly, from around 34 to 78 in many regions.
• Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 people also increased, showing progress in broadband access.
• Households with a computer and Internet access at home both increased, reflecting greater digital adoption.

Usage

• International voice traffic and Domestic mobile traffic per subscription increased, indicating more usage.
• Individuals using the Internet increased, showing growth in internet penetration.

Quality

• Population covered by a mobile-cellular network increased, suggesting better coverage.
• Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions as a percentage of total internet subscriptions rose, indicating a shift in usage patterns.
• International Internet bandwidth per user increased, showing improved connectivity.

Affordability

• Fixed-telephone sub-basket and Mobile-cellular sub-basket costs per month varied, with some economies showing lower affordability.
• Fixed-broadband sub-basket costs were generally higher, indicating a challenge in accessibility.

Trade

• ICT goods exports and imports as a percentage of total goods trade fluctuated, with some economies increasing their share.
• ICT service exports as a percentage of total service exports also showed variation, with some economies showing higher engagement in ICT services.

Applications

• E-government Web measure index showed a slight decline in some regions, but overall, there was a trend of improvement.
• Secure Internet servers per million people increased, indicating better infrastructure for secure services.

Key Observations

• ICT growth has been significant, especially in mobile communications, which evolved from basic services to more advanced applications.
• Mobile broadband and internet access have seen substantial growth, contributing to the digital revolution.
• Affordability remains a challenge, particularly for fixed-broadband services.
• Economic development is closely linked to ICT progress, with higher GNI per capita and literacy rates correlating with better access and usage.
• Regional disparities exist, with some regions showing more rapid growth in ICT adoption than others.
• The World Bank and ITU acknowledge the data provided by other international organizations, including IMF, Netcraft, OECD, UNESCO, UNDESA/UNPAN, UNPD, UNSD, and UNCTAD.

Data Notes

• Data is for 2005 and 2010 unless otherwise noted.
• Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year.
• Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income economies only.
• Italics indicate data for years or periods other than those specified.
• Symbols used:
  • .. indicates data not available or missing.
  • 0 or 0.0 indicates zero or negligible value.
  • $ indicates current U.S. dollars.

Conclusion

This report highlights the transformative role of ICT in economic and social development, emphasizing the importance of access, usage, quality, and affordability. It serves as a valuable resource for policymakers and analysts to understand the progress and challenges in ICT development across different economies and regions.