2005年-世界发展银行全球_Renewable_Energy_and_Energy_Efficiency_Financing_and_Policy_Network___Options_Study_and_Proceedings_of_the_International_Forum_372页_4mb

Summary of ESMAP Report 303/05: Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Financing and Policy Network

Core Content

The Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP), a joint initiative of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, was established in 1983 to support the role of energy in poverty reduction and economic growth in an environmentally responsible manner. ESMAP's work focuses on three key areas: access to modern energy for the poorest, sustainable energy markets, and environmentally sustainable energy practices. The report outlines the findings of a Financing and Policy Network (FPN) scoping study and forum aimed at accelerating the adoption of renewable energy and energy efficiency (RE/EE) in developing countries.

Main Purpose

The purpose of the report is to present the findings of the FPN scoping study and the conclusions and recommendations from the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Financing and Policy Network Forum, held in Washington, DC, in March 2005.

Key Findings

• No need for a new institutional FPN: A new FPN is not necessary. Instead, the focus should be on enhancing existing partnerships and fostering cooperation to address financing and policy gaps.
• Existing WSSD partnerships can help: The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) partnerships and organizations are well-positioned to support scaling-up RE/EE, but greater collaboration is needed.
• Scaling-up is key: The main challenge for RE/EE is scaling-up, driven by policy and finance. Political commitment and appropriate regulatory frameworks are essential to spur investment.
• Consensus on priorities: Stakeholders reached a consensus on financing and policy priorities for RE/EE, including creating an enabling policy environment, enhancing local capacity, gaining political commitment, and enforcing regulatory requirements.
• Different needs for RE and EE: While both renewable energy and energy efficiency have distinct needs, characteristics, and business models, they must both be addressed.
• Complementarity across agendas: RE/EE should be part of the solution in energy access, sustainable development, and environmental agendas to enhance their complementarity.
• Local needs and conditions: RE/EE products and services must reflect local needs and conditions. The transition from technology push to market pull should continue, with country-level solutions and buy-in being essential.
• Cost reduction and technology development: Continued efforts are required to reduce the costs of renewable energy technologies and increase their applications, especially in the developing world.
• Beyond electricity: The focus should extend beyond electricity to include transportation and household fuels, which are currently underrepresented in initiatives.

Next Steps

• Forum participants volunteered to follow up on priority areas identified in the scoping study.
• REN21 will serve as a platform for collaboration among partnerships.
• GVEP will better address financing gaps, particularly in mobilizing local capital and risk mitigation.
• UNEP/SEFI and BASE will act as brokers between RE/EE developers and local financing sources.
• ESMAP and the World Bank Energy and Water Department will prepare and share a Renewable Energy Toolkit (REToolkit) to reduce transaction costs and increase deal flow.
• GEF and ESMAP will organize a renewable energy policy workshop.
• IEA will create a database of renewable energy policies and their effectiveness.
• REEEP will focus on policy and finance issues related to both RE and EE.
• The World Bank will provide intellectual and financial resources to support investment in RE/EE, especially in productive uses and poverty reduction.

Key Partners and Organizations

• REN21 (Renewable Energy Network for the 21st Century)
• GVEP (Global Village Energy Partnership)
• UNEP/SEFI (United Nations Environment Programme's Sustainable Energy Financing Initiative)
• BASE (Basel Agency for Sustainable Energy)
• REEEP (Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership)
• IEA (International Energy Agency)

Conclusion

The scoping study and forum highlighted the importance of policy and finance in scaling-up RE/EE in developing countries. While a new institutional network is not necessary, existing partnerships can be leveraged through enhanced cooperation. The Renewable Energy Toolkit and policy workshops will be key tools in supporting this effort. The World Bank and its partners are committed to accelerating investment and achieving development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), through improved energy access, reduced poverty, and enhanced energy security.

Supporting Materials

• Annex 1: World Bank Inception Report
• Annex 2: Minutes of FPN Core Steering Committee
• Annex 3: Consultative Outreach Instrument
• Annex 4: Final Report, Report Appendices, Qualitative Survey Comments, and Bibliography
• Annex 5: March 11, 2005 FPN Meeting Agenda and Participant List
• Annex 6: Forum Matrices

References

• WEO 2004 (World Energy Outlook): Predicts a 60% increase in electricity demand by 2030.
• IEA: Emphasizes the need for policies and faster technology deployment to reduce energy demand and emissions.
• Bonn Conference (2004): Paved the way for a new energy future, with a focus on renewable energy and energy efficiency.
• MDGs: Renewable energy is seen as a key tool for achieving poverty reduction and sustainable development.

Summary of Stakeholder Engagement

• 75 respondents participated in the Consultative Outreach Instrument.
• Major stakeholders included:
  • Private sector (30%)
  • Multilateral/bilateral agencies (18%)
  • NGOs (15%)
  • Governments (14%)
  • Financial sector (12%)
  • Academic/research organizations (6%)
  • Partnerships/initiatives (4%)
  • Others (1%)
• Most respondents (81%) are part of existing RE/EE partnerships or networks.
• 65% work globally or internationally, 19% regionally, and 16% nationally.