中国工程院-《全球工程前沿2018》报告（英文版）-2018.12-260页-11mb

Engineering Fronts Summary (2018)

Core Content Overview

This report presents the findings of the Engineering Fronts study conducted by the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in collaboration with Clarivate Analytics. The study identifies 94 engineering research fronts and 96 engineering development fronts across nine engineering fields. The methodology combines quantitative analysis using citation data and patent information with expert review to ensure comprehensive and accurate identification of emerging and established engineering trends.

The report is structured into two parts:

1. Methodology: Explains the process of identifying research and development fronts.
2. Field Reports: Provides detailed analysis of the top research and development fronts in each of the nine fields.

Main Methodology

1. Identification of Engineering Research Fronts

• Quantitative Analysis:
  • Clarivate Analytics used co-citation clustering on the top 10% of highly cited papers from the Web of Science Core Collection to identify topics.
  • A total of 702 candidate research fronts were initially identified across nine fields.
  • Topics were selected based on criteria such as number of core publications, total citations, and mean publication year.
  • Topics with an average publication year after 2016 were prioritized to reflect emerging trends.
  • Expert review was conducted to refine the list, leading to the final selection of 94 research fronts.

2. Identification of Engineering Development Fronts

• Quantitative Analysis:
  • Clarivate Analytics generated 53 ThemeScape maps based on the top 5000 highly cited patent families from Derwent Innovation.
  • These maps visually represent the technical coverage and innovation trends in each field.
  • A total of 415 candidate development fronts were identified through this method.
  • After expert review, 96 development fronts were selected.

3. Terminologies

• Citations: The number of times a publication has been cited.
• Publications/Papers: Includes journal articles, reviews, and conference proceedings.
• Highly cited papers: Top 10% in terms of citation frequency, adjusted for year and subject category.
• Topics: Clusters of highly cited papers based on co-citation analysis.
• Core papers: Papers forming the basis of a topic.
• Citing papers: Papers that cite core papers.
• Mean publication year: Average year of core papers in a topic.
• Consistently cited publications: Top 10% in terms of citation velocity.
• ThemeScape map: A visual representation of technical trends derived from semantic analysis of patents.
• Technical coverage width: Measured by the number of Derwent Manual Codes a patent family belongs to.
• Percentage of published papers/patents: Accounts for co-authorship, leading to a total over 100% when aggregated.

Key Research and Development Fronts by Field

I. Mechanical & Vehicle Engineering

• Top 10 Research Fronts:

  1. Self-adaptive tracking of autonomous underwater vehicles
  2. Consistency control of multi-agent systems
  3. Self-adaptive neural network control of manipulators
  4. Underwater autonomous navigation systems
  5. Thermal management technology of lithium-ion batteries
  6. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) optimization
  7. Cognitive wireless networks
  8. Target recognition based on tactility
  9. Assessment and utilization of inshore wave energy resources
  10. Electro/magnetic field enhancing nanofluid convective heat transfer

• Emerging Topics:

  • Thermal management technology of lithium-ion batteries
  • Electro/magnetic field enhancing nanofluid convective heat transfer

• Key Trends:

  • Rapid growth in thermal management and nanofluid convective heat transfer.
  • Focus on self-adaptive control, multi-agent systems, and autonomous underwater navigation.

II. Information & Electronic Engineering

• Top 10 Research Fronts:

  • Includes topics like cognitive wireless networks, intelligent signal processing, and quantum computing.
  • Emerging areas: machine learning applications, network security, and 5G communication technologies.

• Key Development Fronts:

  • Focus on semiconductor technologies, embedded systems, and AI-driven automation.

Main Points and Insights

• The study integrates data analysis and expert input to identify engineering frontiers.

• Quantitative methods (e.g., co-citation clustering, citation velocity) are used to detect highly cited topics and patent trends.

• Expert review plays a critical role in refining and validating the findings.

• 27 key research fronts and 27 key development fronts are selected for detailed interpretation.

• The ThemeScape map is a key tool for visualizing technical trends in engineering development.

• Patent data and publication data are analyzed to reflect both academic and industrial innovation trends.

• Field-specific insights are provided, highlighting emerging and traditional topics, with an emphasis on technological advancement, interdisciplinary integration, and future research directions.

• The methodology ensures comprehensive coverage of engineering fields, with a focus on innovation, application, and trend analysis.

• Key areas of development include autonomous systems, control technologies, nanofluid applications, wireless networks, and energy utilization.

• The study serves as a guideline for future engineering research and development, helping to identify strategic directions and support decision-making.

• The report includes detailed interpretations of the most significant research and development fronts in each field, offering insights into current and future trends.

• Data sources include peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and global patents, ensuring a broad and accurate representation of engineering activity.

• Core publications are used as the foundation for identifying topics, with citations and mean publication years as key metrics for evaluation.

• The final selection of research and development fronts is based on a combination of quantitative indicators and expert judgment, ensuring relevance and reliability.

• International collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches are emphasized as key drivers of engineering innovation.

• The report highlights the importance of self-adaptive control, multi-agent systems, and autonomous technologies in shaping the future of engineering.

• The study aims to guide academic and industrial development by providing insight into leading research and development areas.

• The results are presented in a structured format, with tables and detailed descriptions of each research and development front.

• Field-specific reports are included, offering deep dives into the most significant topics in each engineering discipline.

• The report is a comprehensive resource for understanding the state of the art and future directions in engineering research and development.

• It reflects the evolution of engineering fields, with a balance between established and emerging areas.

• The methodology is transparent and reproducible, ensuring the validity of the identified fronts.

• The study supports strategic planning and policy-making in the engineering sector by identifying high-impact research and development areas.

• It underscores the importance of interdisciplinary research and innovation-driven development.

• The report is a valuable tool for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals to stay informed about the latest engineering trends.

• The analysis of publications and patents helps in identifying innovation hotspots and technological leadership across different fields.

• The final selection of fronts reflects both academic and industrial priorities, making it a holistic view of engineering development.

• The study emphasizes the role of experts in ensuring the accuracy and relevance of the identified fronts.

• The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods ensures a well-rounded analysis of engineering frontiers.

• The reports are organized by field, with each section providing trends, interpretations, and key insights into the identified fronts.

• The focus on key topics allows for targeted research and development efforts, aligning with global technological advancements.

• The study highlights the importance of precision and reliability in engineering systems, especially in autonomous and multi-agent environments.

• Innovation in materials, energy technologies, and control systems is emphasized as a major direction for future engineering development.

• The report is an essential guide for understanding the current and future state of engineering science and technology.

• It provides actionable insights for academic and industrial stakeholders to prioritize research and development efforts.

• The use of visual tools like ThemeScape maps helps in understanding the landscape of engineering innovation.

• The study is part of a broader initiative by the CAE to guide engineering progress and support national development.

• The identification of key fronts helps in focusing resources on high-impact areas of research and development.

• The report is a dynamic resource, reflecting the latest trends in engineering science and technology.

• It is designed to support long-term planning and strategic decision-making in the engineering sector.

• The integration of academic and industrial data ensures a comprehensive view of engineering frontiers.

• The methodology is robust, combining data-driven analysis with expert knowledge to ensure accuracy and relevance.

• The final report serves as a benchmark for evaluating engineering progress and identifying future opportunities.