世界经济论坛：2023年中国氢能产业路线图_54页_15mb

Green Hydrogen in China: A Roadmap for Progress

Introduction: A Great Mission and a Long Way to Go

Hydrogen power, being low-carbon, flexible and efficient, is essential for reshaping the global energy architecture and addressing climate change.

Key Findings

• Green hydrogen production costs are 3-5 times higher than coal-based hydrogen (CNY 33.9-42.9/kg versus CNY 6.8-12.1/kg) due to high electricity costs (50% of total cost) and electrolyzer expenses.

• National strategy: Chinese government issued its first hydrogen development plan (March 2022), incorporating hydrogen into national strategies and pioneering international cooperation.

Goals and Strategies

1. Cost: Reduce electricity and electrolyzer costs through:

   • Centralized renewable energy projects
   • Special electricity rates policy
   • Green electricity trading optimization
   • Subsidies for equipment manufacturing and research

2. Infrastructure: Establish unified regulatory standards and reduce infrastructure costs by:

   • Standardizing approval processes
   • Accelerating domestic component production
   • Promoting integrated hydrogen production-refueling stations

3. Market Demand: Drive adoption through:

   • Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (HFCV) promotion ("right of way" policies)
   • Industrial applications (particularly iron and steel sectors)
   • Linking with carbon markets

4. Technology: Advance proprietary research (ALK maturity; PEMcatch-up) through:

   • National hydrogen technology funds
   • Academic-industry collaboration
   • Global participation in innovation forums

5. Evolution & Cooperation: Complete national strategy formulation and international standard cooperation.

Summary

China aims to become a global leader in green hydrogen by 2030, developing a comprehensive framework that encompasses technological innovation, policy support, and infrastructure development. The roadmap includes specific actions to reduce costs, accelerate infrastructure development, and foster demand across various sectors. The implementation is scheduled in three phases (2023-2030) with clear objectives and enabling measures for each step.