国际移民组织：2024年世界移民报告_384页_32mb

World Migration Report 2024 Summary

Core Content

The World Migration Report 2024 is a comprehensive publication by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) that examines the evolving dynamics of global migration. It aims to provide an evidence-based, balanced perspective on migration and mobility, countering misinformation and politicization that often distort public understanding. The report highlights both the positive contributions of migration to human development and the persistent challenges that continue to shape its trajectory.

Main Views

• Migration as a Solution: Migration is portrayed as a key part of the solution to global challenges, including development, peace, and prosperity. It is often linked to economic opportunities and regional integration.
• Global and Regional Trends: The report provides detailed global and regional migration data, including the number of international migrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons (IDPs), as well as trends in migration corridors and remittances.
• Human Security and Inequality: Migration is increasingly linked to human security, with the report emphasizing the need to address myths and understand new realities, particularly in the context of conflict, climate change, and displacement.
• Gender Dimensions: The report explores the gendered aspects of migration, identifying trends, gaps, and the need for urgent action to ensure inclusive policies and support for female migrants.
• Climate Change and Mobility: Climate change is a growing driver of migration, with environmental degradation, food insecurity, and natural disasters contributing to forced displacement and migration.
• Global Governance: The report reflects on the evolution of global migration governance, from the 2005 Global Commission on International Migration to the 2022 International Migration Review Forum, and calls for more effective international cooperation.
• Post-Pandemic Rebound: The report assesses the global recovery in migration and mobility post-COVID-19, noting the significant impact of travel restrictions and the gradual return to pre-pandemic levels.

Key Information

• Global Migration Statistics: As of 2024, there are approximately 281 million international migrants, representing 3.6% of the global population.
• Displacement Trends: In 2022, there were 117 million displaced people globally, including 71.2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs).
• Asylum Seekers: The number of asylum-seekers increased from 4.1 million in 2020 to 5.4 million in 2022, a rise of over 30%.
• Migration Corridors: The report identifies key migration corridors, showing that migration is often regionally focused and linked to labor demands.
• Remittances: International remittances have a significant economic impact, especially for low- and middle-income countries, with 2022 seeing major flows that support families and economies.
• Climate Change Impact: Environmental factors, such as droughts and rising sea levels, are increasingly linked to forced migration. For example, in Mauritania, droughts have led to humanitarian aid, and in the Carteret Islands, rising sea levels threaten entire communities.
• Technological and Geopolitical Shifts: The report underscores the role of technology in migration systems, including the rise of AI, and highlights the impact of geopolitical shifts, such as the Ukrainian conflict, on global migration patterns and stability.
• Humanitarian Challenges: The report emphasizes the need for humanitarian support, especially for vulnerable populations, and the importance of disaster risk reduction and climate finance in preparing for future migration challenges.

Structure and Contributors

The report is structured into two main parts:

• Part I: Key Data and Information on Migration and Migrants
• Part II: Complex and Emerging Migration Issues

Each chapter is authored by a team of experts and supported by research assistants and academic reviewers. Notable contributors include:

• Chapter 1: Marie McAuliffe and Linda Adhiambo Oucho
• Chapter 2: Marie McAuliffe, Adrian Kitimbo, Jerome Dolling, and Guy Abel
• Chapter 3: Adrian Kitimbo, Marie McAuliffe, Guy Abel, and Jerome Dolling
• Chapter 4: Marie McAuliffe, Guy Abel, Linda Adhiambo Oucho, and Adam Sawyer
• Chapter 5: Marie McAuliffe, Pablo Rojas Coppari, Md Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, and Ottilia Maunganidze
• Chapter 6: Celine Bauloz, Margaret Walton-Roberts, Rose Jaji, and Taehoon Lee
• Chapter 7: Pablo Escribano and Diego Pons Ganddini
• Chapter 8: Andrea Milan, Amanda Bisong, and Paddy Siyanga Knudsen
• Chapter 9: Alan Gamlen, Marie McAuliffe, and S. Irudaya Rajan

Acknowledgements

The report acknowledges the contributions of IOM's Director General, Amy E. Pope, and the IOM senior leadership team, as well as financial support from the Governments of Australia, Ireland, and the United States of America, and partnerships with Meta and the IOM Migration Resource Allocation Committee (MIRAC).

Digital Tools and Innovation

The report includes an expanded range of digital tools to enhance its accessibility and utility for diverse audiences, including policymakers, researchers, and educators. It continues IOM's tradition of innovation, which has led to multiple international awards.

Conclusion and Purpose

The World Migration Report 2024 seeks to inform global audiences about the robust evidence base supporting migration as a solution to global challenges. It aims to dispel myths, provide key facts, and offer new insights into the complex migration landscape, ultimately encouraging a more informed and constructive global dialogue on migration.