2024-11-17-UNDP-气候承诺下小岛屿发展中国家的损失和损害快照（英）_24页_4mb

Loss and Damage related to climate change is a critical issue for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) under the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement discussions. It refers to harms from climate impacts that exceed adaptation limits, including avert and minimize actions typically involving mitigation and adaptation, while addressing loss and damage involves post-impact support like disaster recovery. SIDS emphasize climate justice, as they bear disproportionate burdens from climate impacts despite contributing little to global warming.

Scientific evidence from the IPCC AR6 shows SIDS face high vulnerability to events like tropical cyclones, sea-level rise (SLR), and coral bleaching. Economic losses are substantial, with SIDS experiencing seven times higher disaster losses per GDP than other countries. The WMO reports $153 billion loss for SIDS between 1970 and 2020, leading to debt burdens and development setbacks.

UNDP's Climate Promise supports NDCs for over 125 countries, including 32 SIDS, helping enhance climate ambition and adaptation. Analysis of their NDCs shows nearly all include loss and damage references, with 59% explicitly mentioning it and 22% having dedicated sections. Common elements include references to sudden and slow onset events, economic losses, and some include scientific data and finance mechanisms. However, NDCs lack detailed post-impact support and data frameworks.

Key takeaway is that SIDS prioritize loss and damage in their NDCs, but more guidance is needed on monitoring, finance, and tailored support for vulnerable groups like women and Indigenous peoples. Future NDC revisions and mechanisms like the Santiago Network and new fund will drive greater inclusion. UNDP continues to provide policy, capacity building, and technical support to address these challenges and advance climate resilience and sustainable development.