ITIF-资本设备投资不足阻碍加拿大生产率增长（英）-2025.5_36页_682kb

报告摘要

Canada's labor productivity grew slowly during 2013-2023, lagging significantly behind the US's post-2003 growth.
Increased capital investment is crucial for boosting productivity but currently insufficient in Canada.
Capital investment measurement lacks specificity, grouping productive assets (software, industrial machinery) with non-productive ones (furniture).

Productive capital includes industrial machinery, computers and electronics, and software.
Software investment increased by 47% (2011-2022), while industrial machinery decreased, despite its productivity benefits.

Canada's productive capital stock declined overall from 2013-2023, with industrial machinery declining by 19%.
Even with increased software investment, the overall decline in productive assets like machinery hindered productivity.

Positive but modest correlation exists between productive capital investment and productivity growth.
The lag between investment and productivity, along with measurement challenges, explains weak correlations.

Canada ranks 17th globally in manufacturing robotics adoption, far below the US.
AI adoption is less widespread in Canada than in other countries (including the US), despite Canada's AI research strengths.

Canada invests less in productive capital than its US equivalents, although industrial equipment and oil/gas show some exceptions.
Productive capital growth in both countries slowed in recent years.

Tax Reforms: Widen full expensing programs to cover all productivity-enhancing capital, not just manufacturing equipment.
Combat Unproductive Investment: Reform R&D tax credits to ensure they target innovation with productivity outcomes.
Skills Training: Focus on worker training in technology and management practices.
Promote Scale: Support policy neutrality for firms of all sizes to foster competitiveness.
Deregulate Antitrust: Reverse policy focus on breaking large firms, which are critical for Canada's capital.
Data Improvement: Enhance Statistics Canada data classification for capital investment types and speeds up productivity measurement.
Harmonize Workforce & Technology Bargaining: Address resistance to new technology adoption in labor bargaining.
Monitor Government Actions: Ensure government policies support, not hinder, capital investment.