2011年-IMF国际货币组织全球_Rwanda_Poverty_Reduction_Strategy_Paper_Progress_Report_266页_1mb

Summary of Rwanda's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper—Progress Report (2008-2010)

Core Content

This document presents a 3-year progress report on Rwanda's Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy (EDPRS) from 2008 to 2010. It outlines the country's achievements in the Economic, Social, and Governance clusters, as well as key challenges. The report is based on data collected from stakeholders, including government agencies, development partners, and donors.

Main Points

Economic Cluster

• Growth Performance: Rwanda achieved a GDP growth of 11.5% in 2008, exceeding the projected 8.5%. In 2009/10, GDP was Rwf 3,160 billion, with a real growth rate of 6.2% compared to 2008/09.
• GDP per Capita: At Rwf 308,000 or USD 541, it reflects strong economic performance.
• Inflation: Inflation reached 15.4% in 2008, but stabilized to 5.03% by end-June 2010.
• Private Sector: Rwanda was ranked 67th in the World Bank's Doing Business 2010 report, a significant improvement from 141. It was also ranked 6th in sub-Saharan Africa in the Global Competitiveness Report.
• Investment: Investment accounted for 17% of GDP in 2007/08 and increased to 21% in 2009/10, surpassing the target of 18%.
• Infrastructure:
  • Power generation increased to 84 MW in 2009/10, exceeding the 2008 target of 50 MW.
  • Electricity connections grew from 91,332 in 2006 to 159,516 in 2009/10.
  • National road network in good condition reached 18% in 2008, surpassing the 16% target.
  • Telecommunication coverage reached 92% of the population, with reduced costs due to increased competition.

Social Cluster

• Health Sector:
  • Modern contraceptive use increased from 10% in 2006 to 45.1% in 2009/10.
  • Full immunization coverage rose from 75% in 2006 to 90.4% in 2009/10.
  • Health insurance coverage reached 91% in 2009/10, exceeding the target of 80%.
• Water and Sanitation:
  • Access to safe water increased from 73% in 2008 to 76.2% in 2009/10.
  • Hygienic sanitation coverage reached 56.3% in 2009/10, surpassing the target of 50%.
• Education:
  • Primary completion rates increased from 52% in 2007 to 75.6% in 2010.
  • Girls' primary completion rate (79.8%) was higher than that of boys (71.4%).
  • Transition from basic to upper secondary education increased to 90.2% in 2009/10, exceeding the target of 82%.
• Social Protection:
  • The Vision 2020 Umurenge Program (VUP) supported 100% of eligible households with direct support by 2009.
  • Public works coverage reached 91% of eligible households, surpassing the target of 35%.
  • Vulnerable households accessing credit and savings facilities reached 17,626, exceeding the target of 6,390.
• Youth:
  • 61 youth associations were supported, surpassing the target of 50.
  • Sensitization of youth to join COOJAD (Cooperative Bank for Youth Self Employment and Development) was completed across all districts.

Governance Cluster

• Public Finance Management (PFM):
  • Expenditure policy and budgeting performance was rated B- in 2009/10, while the target was C+.
  • Payroll control was rated B, exceeding the target of C+.
  • Annual financial statements were rated D+, while the target was B-.
  • Internal audit reporting increased from 30% in 2008 to 45% in 2009/10.
  • Government expenditure audited by OAG reached 70% in 2009/10, exceeding the target of 65%.
• Justice, Reconciliation, Law and Order (JRLO):
  • Corruption cases processed increased from 75% in 2008 to 81% in 2009/10.
  • Case backlog was reduced by 41% in 2009/10, surpassing the 20% target.
  • Prison overcrowding decreased from 140% in 2006 to 130% in 2008, but increased to 137% in 2009/10 due to Gacaca court cases.
• Decentralization, Citizen Participation, Empowerment, Transparency and Accountability (DCPETA):
  • 75% of districts achieved 80% of their service delivery targets in 2008.
  • 67.2% of districts met their targets in 2009/10.
  • Citizen participation in local decision-making reached 65-83.6%, exceeding the target of 72%.
• Capacity Building and Employment Promotion:
  • 20% of budget agencies achieved 80% of their action plans in 2008.
  • No assessment was made on non-farm job creation in 2009/10.
  • Key challenges include data mobilization for internships and macro-level employment data.

Key Issues

• The global economic slowdown and domestic liquidity crunch negatively impacted exports and private sector credit, but were mitigated by good agricultural performance.
• Some indicators, such as land titling and fertilizer use, were not fully met, highlighting the need for better data collection.
• The EDPRS implementation had mixed results, with the Governance cluster performing worse than the others.
• The VUP program is expanding to cover 90 sectors and continues to be a key tool for poverty reduction.
• There is a need to improve coordination and communication structures, particularly in data collection and survey implementation.

Conclusion

Overall, the implementation of the EDPRS from 2008 to 2010 showed positive progress, with most targets met or exceeded. The Governance cluster, however, had more unmet indicators and targets. The Social and Economic clusters demonstrated strong performance, particularly in health, education, and infrastructure. Despite some challenges, the strategy has laid a solid foundation for Rwanda's development goals, including Vision 2020 and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).